But these entities are rarely associated with
Fallot's Tetralogy, as far as the present case is concerned.
Teratogenic effect on the cardiovascular system has: alcohol (leads to more frequent formation of IVSD, open arterial duct, IASD), amfetamines (condition IVSD, transposition of great vessels), anticonvulsive preparations--hydantoin (conditions stenosis of pulmonary artery and aorta, aorta coarctation, open arterial duct) and trimethadione (transposition of great vessels,
Fallot's tetralogy, hypoplasia of heart left side), lithium (Ebshtein anomaly, tricuspid valve atresia, IASD), progestogens (Fallot's teralogy, complex CHD) (Belacon and Podzaicov, 1991; Djordjikiya et al., 2005).
One fetus showed hemorrhagic lesions and two others had germinolytic cysts (for an example of cysts in a fetus with
Fallot's tetralogy, see bottom figure, page 1, white arrows).
Elaine, from Penycraig, says: "I was born a blue baby and my parents discovered I had something called
Fallot's tetralogy. I spent most of my early years in a pram as I was too weak to walk and it was only when I had pioneering heart surgery at nine, that I could walk without feeling exhausted.
Twelve patients had congenital heart disease, of which 6 patients had ASD, 4 patients had VSD, 1 patient had coarctation of aorta with bicuspid aortic valve and 1 patient had corrected
Fallot's tetralogy. Rest 28 patients (70%) had valvular heart disease, all of rheumatic origin.
For example, of 10 children operated upon for
Fallot's tetralogy, five survived.
Anomalous origin of the right pulmonary artery from ascending aorta is more frequent as a distinct anomaly, than the left pulmonary artery, but the latter is more often associated with
Fallot's tetralogy. Anomalous pulmonary artery branches usually arise from the ascending aorta.