Guernica


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Guernica

(gārnē`kä), officially Gernika-Lumo, historic town (1990 pop. 16,422), Bizkaia (Vizcaya or Biscay) prov., N Spain, in the Basque Country. It has metallurgical, furniture, and food manufacturers, and some tourism. The oak of Guernica, under which the Biscayan general assembly used to meet, is a symbol of the rights and liberties of the Basques. In Apr., 1937, German planes, aiding the insurgents in the Spanish civil war, bombed and destroyed Guernica. The indiscriminate killing of women and children aroused world opinion, and the bombing of Guernica became a symbol of fascist brutality. The event inspired one of Picasso's most celebrated paintings. Guernica is also called Guernica y Luno.
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The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Guernica

 

Guernica y Luno, city in northern Spain, in the Basque country (Biscay Province). Population, approximately 5,000. Located in the Cantabrian Mountains in the Mundaca valley.

Guernica is an ancient center of Basque culture. During the Civil War and the Italo-German intervention of 1936-39, Guernica was subjected to a lengthy and devastating bombardment by German aircraft. The barbarous destruction of the ancient city aroused the indignation of progressive people throughout the world. Picasso’s painting, Guernica (1937), is devoted to that event.

The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979). © 2010 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.

Guernica

bombing of Guernica (1937); memorialized by Picasso’s painting. [Span. Hist.: NCE, 1158; Art Hist.: Osborne, 867]
See: Massacre

Guernica

painting by Picasso depicting horror of war. [Art: Osborne, 866–867]
See: War
Allusions—Cultural, Literary, Biblical, and Historical: A Thematic Dictionary. Copyright 2008 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.

Guernica

a town in N Spain: formerly the seat of a Basque parliament; destroyed in 1937 by German bombers during the Spanish Civil War, an event depicted in one of Picasso's most famous paintings. Pop.: 15 454 (2003 est.)
Collins Discovery Encyclopedia, 1st edition © HarperCollins Publishers 2005
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