For more than 100 years, the development of uterus in humans and other mammals have been studied and the
Mullerian duct is well known as the anlage of the uterus.
Ultrasound is frequently the initial imaging modality to evaluate suspected
Mullerian duct anomalies.
A couple of decades ago, they were believed to be a single entity [7], but nowadays they are considered as two separate entities: prostatic utricle cysts and
mullerian duct cysts.
It is also important to remember that, whenever malformation of
mullerian ducts is diagnosed, it is essential to check for the associated renal malformations once they often coexist.
A unicornuate uterus with a rudimentary horn is an anomaly caused by defective fusion of the
Mullerian duct, estimated to occur in one in 76,000 pregnancies.
Persistent
Mullerian duct syndrome (PMDS) is a disorder of sexual differentiation characterised by the persistence of Mullerian derivatives in males with an XY karyotype and normal virilization.
The MURCS association:
Mullerian duct aplasia, renal dysplasia and cervicothoracic somite dysplasia.
Transverse vaginal septum is a rare condition that results from incomplete fusion between the vaginal components of the
mullerian ducts and the urogenital sinus.
Vaginal and vestibular malformations are recognized as altered anatomic architecture as a result of imperfect joining of genital folds, genital swellings or
mullerian ducts often are a cause for dystocia in dogs.
This hormone binds to the AMH type II receptor, a single transmembrane protein (TP) with serine-threonine kinase activity, expressed on target organs such as
Mullerian ducts, Sertoli and Leydig cells of testis and granulosa cells of the ovary.
Mammals initiate embryonic development without phenotypic sexual differentiation, and an ovary is not required for the female phenotype, but a testicle and the production of androgenic hormones are essential for the development of a male phenotype, since both, Wolff and the
Mullerian ducts are found in sexually undifferentiated embryos.
During the formation of the reproductive system, paramesonephric ducts (also called
Mullerian ducts) differentiate into the oviduct, uterus, cervix, and upper one-third of the vagina.