negative

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negative:

see photographic processingphotographic processing,
set of procedures by which the latent, or invisible, image produced when a photographic film is exposed to light is made into a permanent visible image.
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Negative

 

in black-and-white photography and cinematography, an image formed by grains of metallic silver in which the photographic blackening is inverse to the brightness of details of the object being photographed. The brighter the detail, the greater its blackening in the reproduced image. In color photography, the image of the object being photographed is formed by the pigments whose colors are complementary to the colors of the parts of the object (yellow is complementary to blue, purple to green, light blue to red, and so on).

A negative is an intermediate image of the object in a two-stage process; it is used to obtain a positive. In some cases a negative can be the final image—for example, in recording spectra for spectral analysis. The quality of a negative is judged by its optical density, its degree of contrast, and its graininess. For color negatives the color balance (matching of colored images) is also important. A negative is considered normal if the positives printed from it have a realistic appearance and show easily discernible details.

Negative

 

in grammar, a word or affix indicating the absence of an object (u menia net knigi,“I do not have the book”), of qualitative attributes of an object (etot chelovek ne star,“this person is not old”), or of actions or states (ia ne pishu,“I am not writing”; ia ne spliu,“I am not sleeping”). A word-sentence expressing disagreement with an utterance (net! “no!”) is also a negative.

Languages express negatives in various ways. Separate words are used in the case of the Russian net and ne, the German nein and nicht, the English “no” and “not,” and the French non and ne ‖ pas. Word-forming affixes may also be used, as the nein the Russian nebol’shoi (“not large,” “small”), the bez- in the Russian bezdetnyi (“childless”), the un- in the German unbekannt (“unknown”), the “un-” in the English “unpleasant,” or the “in-” in the English “invisible.” Negatives may also be expressed by morphological forms in inflection. Negative affixes are used in the Turkic languages, as in the Tatar ëshlim (“I am working”), contrasted to ëshlämim (“I am not working”). Negative verbs are used in certain Finno-Ugric languages, as exemplified by the Zyrian me og mung (“I am not going”). English uses a negative analytical verb form in a sentence such as “I do not see.”

negative

[′neg·əd·iv]
(electricity)
Having a negative charge.
(graphic arts)
The image on film in which the dark tones of the original appear transparent, and the light tones appear black and opaque. Also known as reversed image.

negative

As used in air traffic control terminology, it means, “No,” or “Permission not granted,” or “That is not correct.”

negative

1. Biology indicating movement or growth away from a particular stimulus
2. Med (of the results of a diagnostic test) indicating absence of the disease or condition for which the test was made
3. another word for minus
4. Physics
a. (of an electric charge) having the same polarity as the charge of an electron
b. (of a body, system, ion, etc.) having a negative electric charge; having an excess of electrons
c. (of a point in an electric circuit) having a lower electrical potential than some other point with an assigned zero potential
5. short for electronegative
6. of or relating to a photographic negative
7. Logic (of a categorial proposition) denying the satisfaction by the subject of the predicate, as in some men are irrational; no pigs have wings
8. Astrology of, relating to, or governed by the signs of the zodiac of the earth and water classifications, which are thought to be associated with a receptive passive nature
9. short for Rh negative
10. Photog a piece of photographic film or a plate, previously exposed and developed, showing an image that, in black-and-white photography, has a reversal of tones. In colour photography the image is in complementary colours to the subject so that blue sky appears yellow, green grass appears purple, etc.
11. Physics a negative object, such as a terminal or a plate in a voltaic cell
12. a quantity less than zero or a quantity to be subtracted
13. Logic a negative proposition
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References in periodicals archive ?
The example negativ in the second column is important because it shows that the rule is not triggered by the vowel /i/.
Towards a typology of stop assibilation *
Von negativ vor dem Aufenthalt auf positiv nach dem Aufenthalt gewandelte Eigenschaften:
Das Deutschlandbild Taiwanischer Germanistikstudenten vor und nach ihrem Aufenthalt in Deutschland (1)
Das Ergebnis unserer Auswertung hinsichtlich der "falschen Freunde" war praktisch negativ, wir konnen daher auch keine Beispiele aus den Texten anfuhren.
Die Ubersetzung verbaler phraseologischer Einheiten vom Deutschen ins Spanische und viceversa
There is also a relationship between shame and the fear of being negativ ely evaluated by others (Gilbert, PehI, & Allan, 1994).
Extending the diversity agenda in forensics: Invisible disabilities and beyond
Georgia coaches and athletic officials, fearing future recruiting and competitive disadvantages that would result from this restriction, and the negativ e reaction of constituent groups that would follow if Georgia teams floundered, convinced other SEC schools to ban nonqualifiers conference wide in 1988 (Oberlander, 1989).
The Ties That Bind: Presidential Involvement with the Development of NCAA Division I Initial Eligibility Legislation
The impact on productivity via the reallocation of output across existing enterprises (the "between" effect) varies significantly across countries and over time, but is generally small and in a few instances even negativ e.
VII. PRODUCTIVITY AND FIRM DYNAMICS: EVIDENCE FROM MICRODATA
i]-Normalitat' wirkt derma[beta]en negativ auf 'Produktivitat' zuruck" (Mayerthaler 1981: 134 ['[L.
Naturalness, Markedness and the productivity of the Old English a-declension
Nevertheless, net international capital flows, as measured by the negativ e of the net current account, relative to GDP are still below the levels reached under the gold standard and those of the 1920s.
Banking and currency crises and systemic risk: Lessons from recent events
In addition to the learning/forgetting parameters, I viewed two other factors: the mean squared errors (MSE) for the individual learning episode -- a measure that represents within-individual variance in production per unit time relative to the model -- and whether the individual production history represents a negativ e learning episode, NEG, where
The Effects of Task Complexity and Experience on Learning and Forgetting: A Field Study
In contrast, Bowers and Matter (1997) conclude that for mammals, density-area relationships are scale dependent, tending to be negativ e at small spatial scales.
INDIVIDUALS-AREA RELATIONSHIPS: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANIMAL POPULATION DENSITY AND AREA
Clark & Watson, 1988) indicates that negativ e affect is influenced more by internal factors than external factors, we can expect negative affect "to exhibit more constancy across contexts (e.
Down and Out: An Investigation of the Relationship between Mood and Employee Withdrawal Behavior
The fact that Caribbean males, for example, tend to get less than normal returns to schooling even after living many years in Canada would suggest that this might have a negativ e effect on their desire to pursue higher levels of schooling.
Breaking through the glass ceiling. The pursuit of university training among African-Caribbean migrants and their children in Toronto

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