PN junction

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pn junction

[¦pē¦en ‚jəŋk·shən]

(electronics)

The interface between two regions in a semiconductor crystal which have been treated so that one is a p-type semiconductor and the other is an n-type semiconductor; it contains a permanent dipole charge layer.

PN junction

The interface at which p-type silicon and n-type silicon make contact with each other. At this coupling point, free electrons (n-type) and holes (p-type) cancel each other and form a "depletion zone" that acts as a non-conductive barrier. The PN junction is one of the primary building blocks of semiconductors.

Diodes and Thyristors
A diode (one way valve) is a PN junction with p-type on one side and n-type on the other. When a positive voltage is applied to the p-type side (forward bias), it shrinks and overcomes the depletion zone, causing the current to flow from the p-type to the n-type side. When a negative voltage is applied to the p-type of the diode (reverse bias), it increases the depletion zone and prevents current from flowing. See diode.

Built like two diodes in a row (three PN junctions) but with a third terminal, a thyristor is a one-way valve that, once turned on, lets current flow until it falls below a certain threshold (see thyristor).

Bipolar Transistors
Double PN junctions are used to build bipolar transistors. These p-type/n-type bipolar "sandwiches" are called "PNP" and "NPN" transistors. See bipolar transistor and n-type silicon.

PN Junctions

Placing p-type silicon next to n-type silicon is the primary way many semiconductor devices are constructed. The field effect transistors (FETs) in CMOS chips also use n-type and p-type silicon, but are designed differently (see FET and MOSFET).

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References in periodicals archive ?

Once the minority carrier charge is removed, the PN junction moves to its nonconductive state (e.g.

Analysis of dynamic performance of half-wave rectifiers and its improvements

PN junction varactors are based on the variation of the PN depletion capacitance when the reverse bias voltage is varied.12 Figure 1 shows PN junction varactor with an N-well zone with P+ and N+ contact islands The PN junction produces the capacitance variation with reverse bias voltage.

A novel simulation tool for PN junction varactors based on finite difference approximations. (Technical Feature)

As [V.sub.oc] is related to the overall minority carrier recombination inside the solar cells, a higher [V.sub.oc] indicates that the cell with NDL has a better surface passivation effect while still maintaining the same pn junction quality.

Nanostructured Dielectric Layer for Ultrathin Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells

From the discussion mentioned above, one can interpret this photo-response polarity changing TPV by employing a combined theoretical model of pn junction and Schottky potential.

The effect of metal-semiconductor contact on the transient photovoltaic characteristic of HgCdTe PV detector

The pn junctions between the substrate and implants are shown by the dark contours below the implants.

Scanning capacitance microscope debuts to semiconductor industry

Approximately 10 years ago, a detailed evaluation of minority-carrier lifetimes of a variety of pn junction diodes was performed.

Measurements of minority-carrier lifetime in PIN diodes

The SMT photo sensor is a PN junction diode array with a linear, accurate, and very repeatable current transfer function.

Ambient light sensor duplicates the spectral response curve of the human eye

The varactor model is well established as the series combination of a small resistor and a nonlinear capacitor representing the voltage charge relation in a reverse-biased PN junction diode.

The varactor power frequency multiplier

BI Technologies Electronic Components Division has developed the 143-131A cold junction compensation module that uses a PN junction to enable accurate temperature measurements when used with standard thermocouples.

Active temperature compensation module

These devices are protected by a PN junction guarding against excessive voltage such as that caused by ESDs.