At Lewis & Clark, more than 20 teachers are integrating perspectives of the Salish and
Pend d'Oreille into all subject areas.
From 1780, when Hudson's Bay Company established a post on the Saskatchewan River, the Salish and
Pend d'Oreille people's traditional adversary, the Blackfeet, had access to firearms, which already had led to a diminished territorial range for the Salish.
We all have significant places in our lives that we feel connected to, and for the Salish, Kootenai, and Pend d'Oreille people, that place is the reservation.
A logo depicting the coyote, legendary hero of the Salish, Kotenai, and Pend d'Oreille people, will be featured on interpretive signs.
Crazy Pend d'Oreille was, like his son, also photographed by the team of Rinehart and Muhr, though not at the congress.
If these items were borrowed, the actual owner may have been Upshaw's father Crazy Pend d'Oreille or the famous Crow chief Plenty Coups--Upshaw appears to have been especially close to the latter during the years in which Curtis worked with him.
The juxtaposition of the non-Native surname (where we would more usually find a translated or transliterated one in Curtis) and the tribal designation creates a balanced tension between Native and non-Native elements that is repeated in the caption: "An educated Apsaroke, son of Crazy Pend d'Oreille (see Volume IV, page 18).
As I have indicated, Crazy Pend D'Oreille was a prominent Crow leader.
According to tribal sources (see below), the Flathead Reservation consists of 4 tribes that form a Confederacy made by the 1855 treaty with the government: Lower
Pend d'Oreille and Kalispels are the 1st two (they already called this area their homeland), the Kootenai (who shared their hunting grounds to the north) and lastly the Salish who were reluctantly removed from their homeland in the Bitterroot Valley & re-located to the Flathead Reservation in 1891.
Ignatius, Montana, on the Flathead Reservation, Theresa DeLeane O'Nell interviewed thirty-three Salish and
Pend d'Oreille residents.
In 1869 his store and a nearby Blood camp were attacked by
Pend d'Oreilles.
