Polyacrylonitrile

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polyacrylonitrile

[¦päl·ē¦ak·rə·lō′nī·trəl]

(organic chemistry)

Polymer of acrylonitrile; semiconductive; used like an inorganic oxide catalyst to dehydrogenate tert-butyl alcohol to produce isobutylene and water.

Polyacrylonitrile

a linear polymer [-CH₂-CH(CN)—]_n of acrylonitrile; an amorphous white substance. Molecular weight, 30,000–100,000; and density, 1.14–1.15 g/cm³ (20°C). Does not soften up to almost 230°C (degradation takes place above this temperature). Polyacrylonitrile is comparable in strength to polyamides (for example, nylon). Its relative elongation is 10–35 percent, its water absorption is 0.9–1.0 percent at 20°C and 65 percent relative humidity.

Polyacrylonitrile is chemically resistant to the action of ordinary solvents and fats and is not altered by atmospheric conditions and sunlight. It dissolves, for example, in dimethylforma-mide, dimethylacetamide, and ethylene carbonate, in concentrated aqueous solutions of the salts LiBr, NaCNS, Ca(CNS)2, and ZnCl₂ + CaCl₂; and in concentrated nitric and sulfuric acids.

In industry, polyacrylonitrile is produced by radical polymerization of the monomer in an aqueous medium or in aqueous solutions of salts. Polyacrylonitrile is used mainly for producing high-quality textile polyacrylonitrile fibers.

REFERENCES

See References under POLYMERS.

M. A. GEIDERIKH

References in periodicals archive ?

Chen, "Aminated polyacrylonitrile fibers for lead and copper removal," Langmuir, vol.

Preparation of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Immobilized on Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibres for the Photodegradation of Methyl Orange

Lee et al., "Characteristics of chemomechanically driven polyacrylonitrile fiber gel actuators," Materials Science and Engineering C, vol.

Tissue engineering of muscles and cartilages using polyelectrolyte hydrogels

Abbreviations MPC: 2-Methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine glycol SBMA: Sulfobetaine methacrylate MWCO: Molecular weight cutoff PC: Phospholipids PAN: Polyacrylonitrile BSA: Bovine serum albumin THF: Tetrahydrofuran EDC: 1-Ethyl-(3-3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride SEM: Scanning electron microscopy FTIR: Fourier transform infrared XPS: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy UV: Ultraviolet.

Improving anti-protein-fouling property of polyacrylonitrile ultrafiltration membrane by grafting sulfobetaine zwitterions

Dufour et al., "Partially graphitic, high-surface-area mesoporous carbons from polyacrylonitrile templated by ordered and disordered mesoporous silicas," Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, vol.

Synthesis of nitrogen doped carbon and its enhanced electrochemical activity towards ascorbic acid electrooxidation

Wang, "Self-crimping bicomponent nanofibers electrospun from polyacrylonitrile and elastomeric polyurethane," Advanced Materials, vol.

Matrix arrangement of three-dimensional sheath flow for multiple component nanofibers

Specific interfacial interactions between the -electronic system of carbon nanotube CNT and the polymer functional groups (CNT based polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composites) , which shown to be effective when stable uniform dispersions of carbon nanotubes were obtained with the aid of surfactants having multiple unsaturated carbon bonds, as a result of the unique set of properties of (CNT) [16].

Theoretical study of structural and electronic properties of poly(vinyl chloride) nanotube inclusions

The affinity of linezolid, teicoplanin and vancomycin was compared for three different kinds of haemofilters: polyacrylonitrile (PAN) (APF-06S, Asahi Kasei Kuraray Medical Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan), polysulfone (PS) (AEF-07, Asahi Kasei Kuraray Medical Co.

Elimination of teicoplanin by adsorption to the filter membrane during haemodiafiltration: screening experiments for linezolid, teicoplanin and vancomycin followed by in vitro haemodiafiltration models for teicoplanin

(2007) found that a filter comprising electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers was capable of removing the same amount of nanoparticles as standard HEPA and ULPA filters, but the filter comprising nanofibers had a smaller pressure drop.

Application of nanofibrous membranes with antimicrobial agents

The eight chapters propose a method for measuring nanofiber diameter in electrospun webs, identify the orientation distribution function of nanofibers in nanofilters, and assess the effects of polymer concentration, applied voltage, and distance from needle to collector on the structure of polyacrylonitrile nanofibers.

Advances in nanofibre research

According to Dr Peter Harrop, Chairman, IDTechEx, Lithium polymer batteries use a thick polymer separator such as polyethylene oxide or polyacrylonitrile composite.

Lithium Polymer Traction Batteries might come into picture soon says experts

A common method of making carbon filaments is the oxidation and thermal pyrolysis of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), a polymer based on acrylonitrile used in the creation of synthetic materials.

CARBON FIBER SUPERSEDES ALUMINUM

(2.) Feng, L, Li, SH, Li, HJ, Zhai, J, Song, YL, Jiang, L, Zhu, DB, "Super-Hydrophobic Surface of Aligned Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers." Angew.