Temnopleuroida

[‚tem·nō·plə′rȯid·ē·ə]

(invertebrate zoology)

An order of echinoderms in the superorder Echinacea with a camarodont lantern, smooth or sculptured test, imperforate or perforate tubercles, and bronchial slits which are usually shallow.

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The Stirodonta is the sister taxon to the superorder Camarodonta, which includes the orders Temnopleuroida and Echinoida, the latter of which includes families Toxopneustidae, Strongylocentrotidae, Echinometridae, Echinidae, and Parechinidae.

The bilaterally asymmetrical larval form of stomopneustes variolaris (Lamarck)

The orders Cidaroida and Temnopleuroida (each distinct clades) contain the great majority of regular echinoid species known or inferred to have pelagic, nonfeeding larvae (40 of 51 species) and the Cidaroids contained 13 of the 15 known brooding species.

Developmental mode and species geographic range in regular sea urchins (Echinodermata: Echinoidea)

Of these, eight involve brood-protection (Cidaroida, Temnopleuroida, Echinoida, Spatangoida [including Schizasteridae and Brissidae], Holasteroida, Cassiduloida, Clypeasteroida).

Completely direct development of Abatus cordatus, a brooding schizasterid (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) from Kerguelen, with description of perigastrulation, a hypothetical new mode of gastrulation

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