Area percentage porosity equals the area percentage of black pixels on the
binary image. The number of the measuring fields which should be analyzed in order to obtain the average value of a sample within the confidence interval selected depends on the homogeneity, density and size of the analyzed objects.
Characteristic wavenumber method,
binary image, and statistical measurement were applied to extract CPM distribution and assess its content uniformity on the tablet surface.
First, the hand is detected using the background subtraction method and the result of hand detection is transformed to a
binary image. Then, the fingers and palm are segmented so as to facilitate the finger recognition.
(3) The grayscale image is converted to a
binary image using Otsu's method [16].
In the case of the far field pattern of the
binary image depicted in Figure 2(a), Figure 4(a) shows a dominant diffraction order at the centre of the image together with less intense diffraction orders.
After applying thresholding, a
binary image is obtained for further processing.
The experiment for the
binary image restoration without reference images is carried out by the algorithm proposed in this paper.
The grayscale image will later be converted into
binary image. In
binary image, it will be either black or white only.
The resulting
binary image allows differentiation of the droplet from the background.
The effects of noise are reduced from the resulting
binary image by performing image morphing.