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cortisone

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cortisone

a glucocorticoid hormone, the synthetic form of which has been used in treating rheumatoid arthritis, allergic and skin diseases, leukaemia, etc.; 17-hydroxy-11-dehydrocorticosterone. Formula: C21H28O5
Collins Discovery Encyclopedia, 1st edition © HarperCollins Publishers 2005

cortisone

[′kȯrd·ə‚sōn]
(biochemistry)
C21H28O5 A steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex of vertebrates that acts principally in carbohydrate metabolism.
McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific & Technical Terms, 6E, Copyright © 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Cortisone

 

C21H28O5, one of the active corticosteroids. Colorless crystals; melting point, 215°C; poorly soluble in organic solvents.

Cortisone is isolated from adrenal extracts. Its chemical structure was elucidated by the Swiss chemist T. Reichstein (1936–40) and confirmed by complete synthesis. In animals and man, cortisone is secreted in small quantities into the blood by the adrenals. Once regarded as an adrenocortical hormone, it is now considered a product of the conversion of hydrocortisone.

Cortisone is a glucocorticoid in its biological action: it stimulates the synthesis of carbohydrates from proteins, depresses the lymphoid organs, and has relatively little effect on mineral metabolism. Cortisone acetate is used as a hormonal preparation in substitution therapy for adrenocortical insufficiency and as an anti-inflammatory and antiallergic agent in rheumatic carditis, polyarthritis, and bronchial asthma. Cortisone has been almost completely replaced in modern medical practice by more effective synthetic corticosteroids. It is obtained industrially from steroids of plant and animal origin by complex chemical and microbiological conversions.

REFERENCES

Glynn, J. H. Kortizonoterapiia. Moscow, 1960. (Translated from English.)
Akhrem, A. A., and lu. A. Titov. Polnyi sintez steroidov. Moscow, 1967.

M. A. KREKHOVA

The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979). © 2010 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.
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References in periodicals archive
Normally, the adrenal glands get "orders" to produce cortisone via the pituitary gland (located at the base of the brain).
With the present study, we aimed to investigate if there is an association between cortisol parameters, including cortisol and cortisone in early-morning saliva and in random urine collections, and hypertension in overweight and obese children.
The 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were induced to adipose conversion as described above (dexamethasone was omitted) and treated with 1 [micro]M cortisone and 0-10 [micro]M TR-01-4 throughout differentiation.
Insisting that he is now fully fit and available for the start of England's Ashes defence, beginning at Trent Bridge, and his Nottinghamshire home ground, on July 10, Broad said that he can play even if the Test starts on Thursday, adding that his injury seemed to have settled after the cortisone injection to get rid of the extra fluid.
Vicenzino and his team randomly assigned 165 adults with tennis elbow to one of four treatment groups: cortisone shots with physical therapy, placebo shots with physical therapy, cortisone shots without physical therapy and placebo shots without physical therapy.
We called a doctor and I said to the doctor, I'm a little hoarse and I want to be OK so can you please give me a cortisone shot.
Rooke (vascular medicine, Mayo Clinic) traces the discovery, development, and use of cortisone, frequently referred to as the "King of Steroids." The first physicians to administer the drug were amazed by its abilities to transform patients.
Le malade est tout de suite mis sous traitement a base de cortisone. La dose est de 2 milligrammes par kilogramme de poids sans depasser 60mg par jour.
With endogenous cortisol production, the cortisone concentration in the saliva is usually higher than the cortisol concentration, and typically the cortisol-to-cortisone ratio is <1, owing to the transfer of cortisone from the plasma and the conversion of cortisol to cortisone by 11-[beta]-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11-[beta]-HSD2) in the salivary gland (2, 3).
It was said that Elissa had gained the extra weight as a result of Cortisone injections she was forced to take for treatment of severe back pain.
Medications prescribed: Antidiarrheal medications, sulfa drugs such as sulfasalazine, cortisone.
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