The
hypopharynx includes the left and right piriform sinuses, which expand around the sides of the larynx and lie between the larynx and the thyroid cartilage; the lateral and posterior hypopharyngeal walls; and the postcricoid region extending from the level of the arytenoid cartilages to the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage.
Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of spindle cell carcinoma of the larynx or
hypopharynx: A report of three cases.
While there was a significant increase in the oropharynx and
hypopharynx values in all groups, the increase of nasopharynx values from T1 to T2 was only insignificant in the control group.
In many patients with carcinomas of the
hypopharynx, a degree of pulmonary and cardiovascular compromise is expected (10,11) (Fig.
"The Well-differentiated Liposarcoma of the
Hypopharynx." European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases.
Synovial sarcoma of the larynx and
hypopharynx. Ann Otol Maxillofac Rhinol Laryngol.
This relaxation is initiated by a transient inhibition of the cricopharyngeus, allowing the movement of the bolus from the
hypopharynx into the esophagus.
There is only one other similar report; a 16month-old girl who had a toothbrush extracted from her posterior
hypopharynx two months after a fall [8].
Based on tissue biopsies, the histopathological diagnosis for the lesion in the right piriform recess of the
hypopharynx was squamous cell carcinoma (Figure 3).
Benign tumours are rare in
hypopharynx and most of the malignant tumours are squamous cell carcinomas.
Oropharyngeal examination revealed a smooth-surfaced mass with a vertical movement between the oropharynx and
hypopharynx. Flexible fiberoptic laryngeal examination showed a smooth-surfaced polypoid mass that originated from the right posterior pharyngeal wall in the
hypopharynx (Figure 1).
The standard measurement for the nasopharynx is 17.5 [+ or -] 2.5 mm; 13 [+ or -] 2 mm for the oropharynx and 16.5 [+ or -] 3.5 for the
hypopharynx. Accordingly, the upper airway can be classified into: normal, slightly reduced, moderately reduced or severely reduced, depending on how many standard deviations below the standard value is.