an ancient city in northern Algeria. Founded in 1007, it served as the capital of the Hammadids until 1090. It is now in ruins. There are remains of the city walls, a signal tower, a mosque with minaret, and an extensive 11th-century palace complex. Included in the palace complex is the Dar al-Bahr ensemble with its pool and rich decor (painting on stucco, marble, majolica).