aftereffect

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aftereffect

1. Med any delayed response to a stimulus or agent

2. Psychol any illusory sensation caused by a stimulus that has ceased

Aftereffect

the change in the state of strain of a solid in a constant stressed state. A simple case of the aftereffect can be observed in a cylindrical specimen acted on by a constant tensile force P, as illustrated in Figure 1. With time, the strain in the rod increases, (curve ab), and in the general case there is an increase in both the elastic and the plastic deformation. This phenomenon is called the direct aftereffect. The increase in elastic deformation is a manifestation of the elastic aftereffect, and the increase in plastic deformation indicates creep. If at some moment t₁ the load is removed, the specimen is immediately shortened to the extent of the elastic deformation (bd), and then a slow contraction of the specimen with time (de)—the reverse aftereffect—is observed.

Figure 1. The elastic aftereffect in a material

The elastic aftereffect without creep is observed in solids whose stressed state nowhere exceeds the elastic limit, and it is classified as a slow reversible process. The elastic aftereffect is usually due to the nonuniformity of the elastically stressed state of actual solids and to the tendency of the stressed state to equalization. The aftereffect explains the phenomenon of elastic hysteresis. For metals, the elastic aftereffect is small, but in organic substances—such as leather, textile fibers, and plastics—it can be of considerable magnitude.

The plastic aftereffect in materials, or creep, is associated with a substantial change in the molecular or crystalline structure of materials and ultimately is a consequence of atomic rearrangements. Aftereffects are investigated in rheology.

D. D. IVLEV’

References in periodicals archive ?

Any bloke who has had his wife in his ear about clearing up would not only bear the scars of constant nagging but the psychological after-effects of the resultant clear-up.

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"Our research clearly indicates that customers are less inclined to do business with merchants with which they've experienced fraud, yet a surprising majority of merchants surveyed in this study are not aware of this costly after-effect."

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In this vividly written book, Phil Edwards (a lecturer in Criminology at Manchester Metropolitan University) takes issue with the interpretation of American sociologist Sidney Tarrow, according to which the activism of the late 1970s was nothing but 'an after-effect' (p2) of the 'protest cycle' that had broken out in 1968-69.

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A duo of 23 October summits designed to put an end to the turmoil on debt and equity markets will continue on 26 October after German Chancellor Angela Merkel failed to get the requisite mandate she needed from her parliament to sign up to any decisions - the first tangible after-effect of last month's decision by the country's Constitutional Court to hand the Bundestag final say over future bailouts.

EUROPEAN COUNCIL : DIVISIONS MARK EU MEETINGS AS BIG DECISIONS POSTPONED

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He said according to the flagship publication of the UN Economic and Social commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), still the 2011 regional growth out look is subjected to downside risk, notably from the return of high food and fuel prices, sluggish recovery in rich nations, a deluge of volatile capital inflows and the after-effect of natural disasters, although the regional economic impact of Japan's recent earth quake and tsunami will be less severe than might have been initially expected.

Asia-Pacific To Remain Economy Driver In 2011, UN ESCAP

The surgery was of a gynaecological nature, an after-effect of the ruptured ectopic pregnancy she suffered last year which almost killed her.

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There is no monitoring system introduced to keep an eye on the new seed quality and proper germination and no study has been done before allowing its sowing, regarding the after-effect and behavior of plants of the particular variety's seed, he added.