allotrope

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allotrope

any of two or more physical forms in which an element can exist

allotrope

[′a·lə‚trōp]

(chemistry)

A form of an element showing allotropy.

allotrope

A chemical element that can take on different forms based on the structure of, or the number of atoms in, the molecule. The most common example is carbon. If carbon atoms are bonded in a lattice of four triangular surfaces (tetrahedral), it is a diamond. If the atoms are bonded in sheets of six-sided (hexagonal) lattice, it is graphite. See isotope.

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Carbon has a variety of allotropes owing to its capability of hybridization in sp, [sp.sup.2], and [sp.sup.3] bonds, which renders it able to form 0D (e.g., fullerenes), 1D (e.g., carbon nanotube), 2D (e.g., graphene), and 3D (e.g., diamond) structures and thus one of the most versatile elements in the periodic table.

Carbon-Based Materials for Thermoelectrics

Initiatives such as the Pistoia Alliance (www.pistoiaalliance.org) and Allotrope Foundation (www.allotrope.org/) are successful precedents for this type of cooperation among life science organizations.

How can we predict immunogenicity earlier in drug discovery: scientists can make better-informed decisions and identify potential immune responses earlier by giving virtual and real experiments equal weight in the development of biotherapeutics

Company officials describe graphene as a "allotrope of carbon ...

Graphene rises from nanotech as a positive carbon factor for concrete

Similar to the plastics revolution of the 20th century, the carbon allotrope seems eagerly poised to usher in"the age of graphene"in the 21st century.

Graphene on my mind

Graphene--the two-dimensional allotrope of carbon taking the form of a two-dimensional, atomic scale hexagonal lattice in which one atom forms each vertex--was discovered by University of Manchester scientists in 2004.

Made of Sterner Stuff: orthopedic materials are challenged to migrate away from metal while retaining metallic strength

That's why initiatives such as the Pistoia Alliance and Allotrope Foundation are important.

How the internet of things validates the lab of the future

Abstract: Silicene is a monolayer allotrope of silicon atoms arranged in a honeycomb structure with massless Dirac fermion characteristics similar to graphene.

Science Advances: "Quasi-Freestanding Epitaxial Silicene on Ag(111) by Oxygen Intercalation"

Depending on their thickness, thin films of black phosphorus--an allotrope of this element's familiar white or red forms--can be "tuned" to different semiconducting bandgaps that would make this material far more adaptable to various types of optical electronic switching.

Phosphorus a dark horse candidate to replace silicon

It is an allotrope of carbon--which along with diamond, graphite and Buckminster fullerene are all pure forms of carbon with the atoms bonded together in different structures.

Graphene produces a working 3D holographic display

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), an allotrope of Carbon composed of rolled layer of graphene, have very good electrical, thermal, optical, rheological and mechanical properties [10-16].

Mechanical properties of epoxy/multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites

4 March 2014 - US Allotrope Foundation, a consortium of pharma and biotech groups, said yesterday it had implemented its first Proof of Concept (PoC) application using its novel lab information Framework, thus achieving the first major milestone in the latter's development.

Allotrope Foundation implements 1st PoC application using lab information Framework

Graphene is an atom thick allotrope of carbon in two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal honeycomb lattice [1], Electrons in a single-layer graphene exhibit a characteristic linear dispersion relation between energy and momentum near the K point of the first Brillouin zone (FBZ) [2-4].