LDLs containing only
apoB-100 were shown to bind to cell-surface receptors on fibroblasts, known as the LDL receptor (LDLR) (11).
It reduces the rate of
apoB-100 synthesis, thereby reducing the VLDL concentration which is risk factor for atherosclerosis.
Huff, "The molecular mechanisms underlying the reduction of LDL
apoB-100 by ezetimibe plus simvastatin," Journal of Lipid Research, vol.
There are two forms of the ApoB protein,
apoB-100 and apoB-48, resulting from tissue-specific alternative splicing.
ApoB gene expresses in two isoforms as ApoB-48 in chylomicron and
ApoB-100 in the liver.
Oxidative modifications of
apoB-100 by exposure of low density lipoproteins to HOCL in vitro.
They include LDL ("bad") cholesterol that can clog arteries, HDL ("good") cholesterol that can help remove LDL molecules, and triglycerides, as well as
ApoB-100, Lp-PLA-2 and others.
Due to the extremely cationic character, MPO can easily bind to the negatively charged structures, that is, bacteria, endothelial cells, cytokeratin-1, polyanionic matrix glycosaminoglycans, apolipoproteins apoA-1 and
apoB-100, ceruloplasmin, [alpha]1-antitrypsin, and albumin [21].
(18) As a consequence, insulin inhibits hepatic secretion of VLDL-TG and
apoB-100.
Supplemented patients also had a significant decline in concentrations of apolipoprotein B-100 (
apoB-100), a marker of LDL particle number and a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
* DNA-based confirmation of an LDLR mutation, familial defective
ApoB-100, or a mutation in the PCSK9 gene.