Flavonoids are chemical compounds with a low molecular weight whose base structure (Figure 1) comprises a system of rings of diphenyl pyrene or phenyl
benzopyrene accompanied by two variable groups of hydroxyl phenolic radicals [12].
Cigarette smoke contains more than 4000 chemicals that can be divided into two phases, i.e., a particulate phase that includes nicotine, tar, and
benzopyrene and a gaseous phase that includes carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, and hydrogen cyanide [26].
benzopyrene), volatile organic compounds, chlorinated dioxins and free radicals.
Tobacco smoke has many harmful substances including
benzopyrene, lead, carbon monoxide, arsenic, ammonia, formaldehyde, and a certain type of cyanide.
Similarly, a significant down-regulation of miR-146a was observed after nicotine and
benzopyrene exposure further signifying the utility of epigenetic profile in assessing exposure associated dysregulations (18).
to degrade
benzopyrene an aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbon of high molecular weight.
Using keratinocytes stimulated by
benzopyrene or TNF-a, Nakahara et al.
(2001) have reported that mercury was the most potent in reducing CP content and MFO activities including CCR and
benzopyrene hydroxylase.
Rosemary components inhibit
benzopyrene induced genotoxicity in human bronchial cells.
The use of high temperatures (70-80[degrees]C) may lead to the formation of 3, 4,
benzopyrene (Indicator of carcinogenicity).
Cigarette smoke contains
benzopyrene which destroys the vitamin-A in the body.
Benzopyrene is a powerful carcinogen which accounts to about 20-40mg per cigarette.
