This hypothesis stems from early studies (64) during which Pickett and Briggs (65) successfully created an animal model of
biliary obstruction resembling human biliary atresia by ligating the hepatic artery of sheep during fetal development.
Malignant hilar and perihilar
biliary obstruction: Use of MR cholangiography to define the extent of biliary ductal involvement and plan percutaneous interventions.
These data demonstrate that percutaneously placed SEMS achieve satisfactory palliation with a low complication rate in a highrisk patient group with advanced malignant
biliary obstruction.
Accurate information about the level of
biliary obstruction is essential because therapy may be complex with hilar obstructions, and these patients are therefore best treated by a multidisciplinary group.
Fasting bile was obtained from patients with
biliary obstruction via an endoscopic nasal biliary drainage catheter or a percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage catheter on the day of biliary drainage.
Firstly, liver dysfunction has been shown to be independently associated with hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and
biliary obstruction [25]--all of which increase the incident risk of EHC [26].
Usefulness of diagnostic tests for
biliary obstruction. Am J Surg 1982;144(1):102-108.
Volk et al, "Is MRCP equivalent to ERCP for diagnosing
biliary obstruction in orthotopic liver transplant recipients?
Cancers of the pancreas, gallbladder and bile ducts are the commonest causes of malignant
biliary obstruction. Surgery is the only curative treatment, but fewer than 20% of biliary malignancies are resectable.
Extrahepatic
biliary obstruction secondary to metastatic cancer.
(3,25-27) The peripheral type often remains asymptomatic until the tumor is at a late stage, since significant
biliary obstruction is not common.3,22 Patients with the extrahepatic type usually present relatively early with signs of
biliary obstruction.
Endoscopic ultrasound guided therapy of benign and malignant
biliary obstruction: a case series.