Biotype

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biotype

[′bī·ə‚tīp]

(genetics)

A group of organisms having the same genotype.

Biotype

a group of organisms, part of a local population, which have the same genotype and are similar in practically all respects. The Danish biologist W. Johannsen (1909) considered the homozygotic biotype in self-pollinating plants to be the most elementary structural unit of a population. The Soviet botanist V. N. Sukachev (1927, 1935) called clones of plants that were derived by numerous root grafts of the plant or by division of a single bush “biotypes.” In populations of cross-pollinated species, biotypes can be distinguished both as successive selection with isolation of the offspring and as manyfold multiplication in close degrees of relation (inbreeding). In the 1920’s and 1930’s many biologists (the Swedish botanist G. Turesson; the Soviet biologists N. I. Vavilov, M. A. Rozanova, and others) considered biotypes to be the smallest taxonomical unit. Species, in their opinion, arose from combination of biotypes as a result of recombination and selection.

Large groups of organisms, often consisting of many species and characterized by similar adaptation to the exploitation of definite habitation conditions, are also called biological types or life forms. In this sense, for example, the group of underground burrowing rodents, the group of ephemeral desert plants, and so on are taken to be biological types.

REFERENCES

Berman, Z. I., K. M. Zavadskii, A. L. Zelikman, et al. Sovremennye problemy evoliutsionnoi teorii. Leningrad, 1967.
Zavadskii, K. M. Vid i vidoobrazovanie. Leningrad, 1968.

K. M. ZAVADSKII

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References in periodicals archive ?

When body measurements within each group in the population and the significance of the differences were analyzed (Table II), the Creole biotype differed from the Saanen and Anglo Nubian breeds in all body measurements, with the exception of head width.

Population Differentiation in the Body Architecture of Creole Goats in the Semi Arid Region of Chile/Diferenciacion Poblacional en la Arquitectura Corporal de Cabras Criollas en la Region Semiarida de Chile

Replication of a research finding by investigators across the world can be quite challenging because of the variable composition of biotypes in different countries.

The daunting challenge of schizophrenia: hundreds of biotypes and dozens of theories: The heterogeneity of this complex brain syndrome represents a formidable challenge

mitis biotypes resistant to ALS inhibitor herbicides have no fitness penalty when grown in the absence of the selection agent (herbicide).

Fitness of Echinochloa crusgalli var. mitis biotypes susceptible and resistant to imazapyr + imazapic herbicide

Discovery of soybean aphid biotypes. Crop Science 48: 923-928.

Feeding behavior of Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on soybeans exhibiting antibiosis, antixenosis, and tolerance resistance

'Gingival biotype' is a term used to define buccolingual thickness of the gingiva (6).

Assessment of Gingival Biotype and Keratinized Gingival Width of Maxillary Anterior Region in Individuals with Different Types of Malocclusion

Seeds of the three biotypes with suspected resistance to glyphosate (R) were collected from GR-soybean and -corn fields in Correntina, Bahia State, Brazil (13[degrees]20'36"S, 44[degrees]38'12"W), Bom Jesus, Goias State, Brazil (18[degrees]12'11"S, 49[degrees]44'3"W), and Confresa, Mato Grosso State, Brazil (10[degrees]38'38"S, 51[degrees]34'08"W), named BA, GO and MT.

Glyphosate efficacy on sourgrass biotypes with suspected resistance collected in GR-crop fields/Eficacia do glyphosate em biotipos de capim-amargoso com indicio de resistencia coletadas em cultivos RR

aureus, and Biotypes. Fifty percent of the MRSA strains (4/8) correspond to the D ecovar and 25% to the human ecovar (Table 4).

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Artisanal Cheeses in Mexico

The isolates belonged to biotypes 2, 3, 4, and 5 and no 1A isolates were detected.

Detection of Yersinia enterocolitica in Retail Chicken Meat, Mashhad, Iran

enterocolitica among children <5 years of age with diarrhea was [approximately equal to]6-fold higher than that among adults with diarrhea, and the prevalence of infection with biotype 1A was the reverse ([approximately equal to]6-fold higher among adults than among children [less than or equal to]5 years of age with diarrhea).

Prevalence of yersinia enterocolitica bioserotype 3/0:3 among children with diarrhea, China, 2010-2015

This inherent non-susceptibility pattern has been displayed by all or almost all strains from different biotypes and isolation sources.

Antimicrobial resistance and plasmid replicons in Yersinia enterocolitica strains isolated in Brazil in 30 years

* to PHARA - 80% displayed activity for biotype A, 17.1% activity for biotype F, 0.8% activity for biotype T, and on 0.4% activity for biotypes C,D,K,L,S.

In vitro anti-Candida albicans activity of new thiatriazole derivative agents

Thin biotypes are delicate, highly scalloped and translucent in appearance.The soft tissue appears to be delicate and friable with minimal amount of attached gingiva and thin labial plate with possible presence of dehiscence and fenestrations.Thin scalloped biotypes are considered to be at risk as they have been associated with compromised soft tissue response following surgical or restorative treatment.