When the structure faces the in-plug compression load its plates do not displace until that compression load reaches the critical
buckling load denoted by [P.sub.cr].
where [M.sub.PR] is the reduced plastic moment capacity of the steel column section, L is the column length, and [P.sub.cr] and k are the Euler
buckling load and the effective length factor of the column, respectively.
In this case, the induced gain on the
buckling load is zero.
For stress calculations, the safety factor was set equal to 2.0, while for
buckling load, the safety factor was taken as 3.0.
It was also concluded that the design rules given in Eurocode 4 for circular and rectangular CFST columns may be adopted to calculate the axial
buckling load of elliptical CFST columns although using the imperfection of length/300 specified in the Eurocode 4 might be over- conservative for elliptical CFST columns with lower non-dimensional slenderness.
The condition for the stabilization of the progressive crushing mode was that the
buckling load should be sufficiently greater than the progressive crushing load.
This is a load equal to the critical
buckling load of the FRP minus the yield load carried by the FRP ([P.sub.cr_sf_vart2] + [P.sub.sfy] < [P.sub.sfu]).
They come to the conclusion that increasing porosity decreases
buckling load and the plate will be unstable by then.
If the axial force is smaller than the critical
buckling load, the tubular string lies on the bottom of the wellbore.
The model presently estimates the critical
buckling load in any drilling situation to estimate loads and stresses that can be safely applied on the drill string [17].
The CFRP strengthening has demonstrated higher
buckling load and compressive load bearing capacities.
In this study we apply HAM to find the critical
buckling load of a column under end load dependent on direction.