This and other examples suggest that vascular
calcification can start inside blood vessels.
Caption: "The interesting thing here is that, in order for [matrix Gla protein] to inhibit
calcification, it needs to be gamma-carboxylated by vitamin K.
Calcification of IVD is an uncommon but well-defined clinical syndrome in children; however, its etiology is not known yet.
The extent and distribution of
calcification are important factors while assessing a solitary pulmonary nodule; however, this is difficult and confusing.
The Chi-square test was used to analyze categorical variables, such as the rate of
calcification of the choroid plexus, thalamus, and cerebellum.
The researchers found that 19.1 percent of patients had hippocampal
calcifications. The presence of hippocampal
calcifications was associated with older age (odds ratio per year, 1.05), diabetes mellitus (odds ratio, 1.50), and smoking (odds ratio, 1.49).
In pre-clinical studies, the experimental therapy has shown potential to generate plasma pyrophosphate and to restore it to appropriate physiological levels, thereby preventing
calcification in the vasculature and kidneys and normalizing bone.
Although the exact pathogenesis of increased vascular
calcification in CKD is not fully understood there are some very plausible hypotheses and candidates: from the very beginning disturbances in the phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) metabolism [25,26], altered expression of many factors, which are involved or regulate the mineral metabolism [27, 28], and perhaps most importantly chronic microinflammation which is present in CKD patients early on in the disease and comes along with increased CRP levels [29, 30] have been discussed as important pathogenetic factors.
The nodular
calcification in the SVG was successfully treated by PCI without any complications (Figure 4).
Recent studies have shown that Notch1 signaling pathway, a regulator of angiogenesis and osteogenesis, plays a role in the development of vascular
calcification [6,10,11].
In contrast, impaired autophagy contributes to a wide range of vascular pathologies including atherosclerosis and
calcification [15, 16].
Over the years we received many calls asking if higher dose vitamin K2 could reverse vascular
calcification. Until recently, we did not know the answer.
