High prevalence of nephrolithiasis in males may also be due to hormonal factors, because androgens appear to increase urinary oxalate excretion and kidney
calcium oxalate deposition.6 In the present study most of the patients having stones were obese or overweight (70.91%).
High levels of calcium in the blood can predispose a cat to form
calcium oxalate crystals.
Screening plate showing large transparent area formed after dissolution of
calcium oxalate.
Cromack K Jr, Sollins P, Graustein WC, Speidel K, Todd AW, Spycher G, Li CY, Todd RL (1979)
Calcium oxalate accumulation and soil weathering in mats of the hypogeous fungus Hysterangium crassum.
Secreted products of macrophages exposed to
calcium oxalate crystals induce epithelial mesenchymal transition of renal tubular cells via RhoA-dependent TGF-[beta]1 pathway.
Dietary calcium helps limit your body's absorption of oxalate, and low dietary calcium has been found to increase the risk of
calcium oxalate stones.
On the other hand, these drugs may induce the formation of calculi through its metabolic action by interfering with
calcium oxalate or purine metabolisms [38].
Pure stones Partial Substances detected (n) Agreement (n) agreement (n)
Calcium oxalate monohydrate (47) 44 3
Calcium oxalate dihydrate (1) 1 0 Carboapatite (1) 1 0 Anhydrous uric acid (4) 4 0 Brushite (2) 2 0 Ammonium urate (1) 1 0 Cystine (10) 10 0 Proteins (5) 5 0 Total (71) 68 (95.7%) 3 (4.3%) Disagreement Substances detected (n) (n)
Calcium oxalate monohydrate (47) 0
Calcium oxalate dihydrate (1) 0 Carboapatite (1) 0 Anhydrous uric acid (4) 0 Brushite (2) 0 Ammonium urate (1) 0 Cystine (10) 0 Proteins (5) 0 Total (71) 0 (0.0%) Table 3: Composition and agreement in pure stone with substances in trace group.
Calcium oxalate crystals have previously been reported in the diagnosis of an Aspergillus spp.
Stone size limits the use of Hounsfield units for prediction of
calcium oxalate stone composition.
(11,12) It has been suggested that the proximal tubule phenotype may contribute to the deposition of
calcium oxalate crystals that are characteristic of ACD-RCC.