Serum tumour marker CEA (
Carcinoembryonic antigen) is a glycoprotein of heterogeneous composition (MW 200000) normally detected in glycocalyx of fetal epithelial cells, mainly those of mucin secreting glandular nature.
Clinical data of all patients, including demographic variables (age, gender), clinical variables (clinical presentation, tumour location, tumour staging, clinical and pathological tumour-nodes-metastasis (TNM) classification, neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy (chmoXRT), surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy, pre-and postoperative
carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels at 3 and 6 months, histopathological findings, specimen resection margin status, local and distant tumour recurrence was collected from patients' records.
Krukenberg tumors express cytokeratins, epithelial membrane antigen, and
carcinoembryonic antigen, but not vimentin, on IHC.
Carcinoembryonic antigen as a marker for colorectal cancer: is it clinically useful?
Immunohistochemical studies identified the cyst epithelium as having pancytokeratin and progesterone receptor (PR) expressions; it was negative for
carcinoembryonic antigens (CEAs), as well as negative for smooth muscle antigen (SMA) in the cyst wall indicating no smooth muscle (Figure 1(b)).
Neumaier et al., "CD66a (BGP), an adhesion molecule of the
carcinoembryonic antigen family, is expressed in epithelium, endothelium, and myeloid cells in a wide range of normal human tissues," Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry, vol.
Pancreatic cancer exhibits a number of tumor-specific antigens, such as
carcinoembryonic antigen, mesothelin, HER-2, and MUC1, which are promising applicants for testing CARs T-cell therapy [55,56].
Clinico-pathological features including age, sex, comorbidities, smoking history, lymphatic vessel invasion, vascular vessel invasion, pleural invasion, tumour maximum diameter, tumour stage, tumour histologic subtype, and preoperative serum
carcinoembryonic antigen levels were analysed systematically.
Verghese et al., "
Carcinoembryonic antigen is the preferred biomarker for in vivo colorectal cancer targeting," British Journal of Cancer, vol.
Wan, "Role of serum
carcinoembryonic antigen in the detection of colorectal cancer before and after surgical resection," World Journal of Gastroenterology, vol.
All her blood tests results including Full Blood Count,
Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) and Carbohydrate Antigen (CA19-9) levels were normal.
Serum biomarkers including chromogranin A,
carcinoembryonic antigen, and parathyroid hormone-related protein might be helpful for diagnosis (2).
