Other conditions, such as tissue damage from recent or concurrent infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, chronic inflammatory conditions or acute immune stimulation, pregnancy, or the aging process can also produce auto-antibodies that recognize the
cardiolipin antigen and therefore give a false-positive result (3).
Changes in intra mitochondrial
cardiolipin distribution in apoptosis-resistant HCW-2 cells, derived from human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60.
Paradies; Decreased complex III activity in mitochondria isolated from rat heart subjected to ischemia and reperfusion: role of reactive oxygen species and
cardiolipin. FASEB J.: 17(6), 714-716 (2003).
Binding and release of cytochrome c in brain mitochondria is influenced by membrane potential and hydrophobic interactions with
cardiolipin. J.
The patient had anti-dsDNA antibodies (Kallestad Quantafluor Crithidia lucilae Sanofi Diagnostic Pasteur, Inc.) but positive anticardiolipin antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (100 GPL units) (negative test = [is less than]10 GPL units) (ImmunoWell,
Cardiolipin Antibody Immunoglobulin [Ig]G ELISA; and Reaads Medical Products, Inc.), which remained positive 4 and 12 months later, and antiplatelet antibodies by immunofluorescence (AntiHuman IgG H-chain Fluorescein conjugated, OTIY-05 Behring Diagnostics).
Recent interest in DHA has focused on two new endogenous wellness pathways; a) DHA-cardiolipin structure and function in the mitochondria, as DHA is the only omega-3 used by mitochondrial
cardiolipin and only when DHA is sufficiently and consistently present in the diet, and b) DHA supplementation also appears to increase Synaptamide production in the brain.
Pulmonary hypertension of neonates may play a role in rapid development of right and left ventricular dysfunction by their remodeling through reduced
cardiolipin biosynthesis and remodeling enzymes.20,21
Mutations in TAZ result in deficiency of
cardiolipin, an important mitochondrial membrane phospholipid found in heart and skeletal muscle.
NPA induce the production of anti-NPA antibodies, which cause cell damage with the exposure of normally hidden intracellular antigens, such as
cardiolipin, histones, nucleus, and DNA with the consequent production of autoantibodies.
Further testing for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, antinuclear antibodies,
cardiolipin antibodies, and stool ova and parasites was negative, as well as serologies for Strongyloides, Trichinella, Schistosomiasis, HLTV, and HIV.
Increased mitochondrial [H.sub.2][O.sub.2] either as a result of peroxynitrite production or calcium influx may promote singlet oxygen formation by an additional pathway involving
cardiolipin oxidation.
(12) Via
cardiolipin support, wound tissue can now obtain the required extra energy for repair, significantly accelerating healing.
