Melatonin inhibits
cardiolipin peroxidation in mitochondria and prevents the mitochondrial permeability transition and cytochrome c release.
Role of oxygen-free radicals and
cardiolipin," Journal of Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, vol.
22) Other important products of cellular injury are mitochondrial DAMPs, which include
cardiolipin, formyl peptides, and mitochondrial DNA.
Their topics include the diversity of interactions in redox systems: from short-lived to long-lived complexes, the role of
cardiolipin in a mitochondrial supercomplex assembly, mitochondrial respiratory supercomplexes in physiology and diseases, the regulation of photosynthetic electron transport via supercomplex formation in the thylakoid membrane, membrane organization and electron transport switches in cyanobacteria, and the regulation of cellular signaling by thioredoxin.
However, the activation of glutathione transferase A4-4 was suppressed in the presence of anionic phospholipids like
cardiolipin [152].
The mitochondrial involvement of MAL-A induced cell death was measured by evaluation of
cardiolipin peroxidation using 10-N-nonyl acridine orange (NAO), transition pore activity with calcein-AM, while the mitochondrial transmembrane electrochemical gradient ([DELTA][[psi].
Anti-DNA antibody, anti-Smith, SS-A and SS-B antibody, anti-RNP IgG, and
cardiolipin IgG and IgA antibody were not detected.
Anti-SS-B (La), anti-smooth muscle antibodies,
cardiolipin antibodies and antimitochondrial antibodies were negative.
aPLs against
cardiolipin (aCL), beta(2)-glycoprotein I (anti-beta(2)GPI), and prothrombin (anti-PT) have been found to be increased in leprosy, (mainly in MB patients) in different studies and without differences between leprosy patients not under therapy, taking MDT or those who have completed MDT.
Cardiolipin appears to support (stabilize) the structural integrity of Complex III (cytochrome bcl), Complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase) and Complex V (ATP synthase).
A hypercoagulable workup (protein C, protein S, factor II mutation, antithrombin III level, lupus anticoagulant, MTHFR mutation, cryoglobulin, homocystine,
cardiolipin antibody, lipoprotein (a), beta-2 glycoprotein) showed abnormality of Factor V Leiden with heterozygousity for R506Q polymorphism.
Rheumatic heart disease patients demonstrated higher occurrence of antibodies to
cardiolipin [16, 17], however, immunoglobulin G and M antibodies to
cardiolipin increased significantly with disease activity [17].
