decrement

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decrement

[′dek·rə·mənt]

(computer science)

A specific part of an instruction word in some binary computers, thus a set of digits.

For a counter, to subtract 1 or some other number from the current value.

(hydrology)

groundwater discharge

(mathematics)

The quantity by which a variable is decreased.

(physics)

The ratio of the amplitudes of an underdamped harmonic motion during two successive oscillations. Also known as damping factor; numerical decrement.

Decrement

the weakening of an excitation according to the extent of its distribution along a nerve or muscle fiber.

In normal nerve and skeletal-muscle (striated) fibers of vertebrate animals, an excitation or, specifically, its electrical component—the activity potential—conforms to the so-called all-or-none rule—that is, it arises only after the stimulus attains threshold intensity; once it arises, it is distributed further without decrement. In certain tissues (for example, in many arthropod muscles) excitation is distributed with decrement even under normal conditions. According to the membrane theory of excitation, nondecremental conduction of excitation is converted to decremental conduction in all cases when there is a decrease in regenerative depolarization, which is basic for the formation of the activity potential. This takes place, for example, when a nerve or muscle is under the influence of anesthetics or narcotics and when there is cessation of blood circulation.

REFERENCE

Katz, B. Nerv, myshtsa i sinaps. Moscow, 1968. (Translated from English.)

B. I. KHODOROV

decrement

To subtract a number from another number. Decrementing a counter means to subtract 1 or some other number from its current value.

References in periodicals archive ?

Enumeration data, such as frequency of decrements, were compared using Chi-squared test and measurement data, such as decremental percentage, were compared using two-sample t -tests.

Repetitive Nerve Stimulation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

in which [sub.t][p'.sup.(m).sub.x] is the probability of someone aged x, in a single decrement environment, will survive at least age x + t.

Actuarial fairness in social security calculations: application of a multiple decrement model to compare the social security factor and minimum age rules

(1) Background values of the decrement [[delta].sub.BG](T) and the height of the relaxation component of the peak [[delta].sup.KH.sub.rmax] = ([delta] - [[delta].sub.BG]) ([T.sup.KG.sub.p]) increased significantly.

Change of Parameters of the Koiwa-Hasiguti Dynamic Dislocation Relaxation in Nanostructured and Polycrystalline Zirconium after Severe Plastic Deformation and Annealing

This result suggests that modifications in cortical oscillations rather than changes in the global level of M1 excitability are responsible for the amplitude decrement of repetitive finger movements.

Effects of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation on Repetitive Finger Movements in Healthy Humans

The largest between-side differences were observed in decrement and stiffness of rectus femoris where SEM% and SRD% of the affected side were approximately three times higher than the nonaffected side.

Relative and Absolute Interrater Reliabilities of a Hand-Held Myotonometer to Quantify Mechanical Muscle Properties in Patients with Acute Stroke in an Inpatient Ward

The higher intensity and power decrement generated by men in the entire exercise is not novel, since various studies have already reported this (Billaut et al., 2012), although the majority used a single effort or short repeated efforts (similar to the Wingate test).

According to above illustration, the 5th conversed population (G5D) using decrement method (approach setting: population size = 500, sex ratio = 1: 1, family size = 10, number of overlapping = 5 (exclude the initial generation), number of loci = 100, each of locus initial frequency range from 0.2 to 0.9) was developed (composed of 5 population without initial generation), while G5L: the 5th conversed population using increment method, other steps similar to G5D.

Decreased Genetic Drift under the Overlapping Conservation

BLUE has parameter pm (marking probability) which is incremented by factor when the packet is dropped by the queue when the queue is full the pm is decremented by factor When the queue is empty the value of is set in such way that BLUE uses one more parameter called freeze_time which determines the time interval between two sucessive updates of freeze time.

Modified BLUE active queue management

0.97 (95% CI: 0.95 to 0.99) for the logarithmic decrement of the

Gastrocnemius muscle tone, elasticity, and stiffness in association with postural control characteristics in young men/Kaksik-saaremarjalihase toonuse, elastsuse ja jaikuse seosed asendikontrolli naitajatega noortel meestel

In this study, a decrement in the newborn weight was seen in [gp91phox.sup.-/-] and [IGF.sup.-/-] mice compared with the C57BL/6j mice.

The role of the active oxygen produced from Gp91phox NADPH oxidase on the newborn weight of mouse pups

That's why the fiscal policy and its instruments are more important and applicable for economic growth encouragement and unemployment decrement in transitional countries.

Crowding out vs crowding in effects in transitional countries

Khyber Tobacco XD was the top price gainer with increment of 13.99 rupees (13.72 cents) to 398.99 rupees (3.91 dollars) while on the flip side Rafhan Maize led the major price shedders with decrement of 478.13 rupees (4.68 dollars) to 9,085 rupees (89.06 dollars).