Systemic Treatment Efficacy for Onychomycosis (19) Patients Regimen Effective Cure Rate at 72 Weeks (a) Adults with
dermatophyte Intermittent terbinafine 79% (e) infection, great (n=63) (b) toenail, 20%-100% affected Continuous terbinafine 66% (e) (n=40) (c) Intermittent itraconazole 37% (e) (n=39) (d) (a) Simultaneous mycological cure and [less than or equal to] 10% nail involvement.
Onychomycosis is nail infection caused by keratolytic
dermatophytes (specifically, tinea unquium) (1) from the genera Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epider-mophyton, yeasts (mostly Candida (C.) albicans, C.
A study of chronic
dermatophyte infection in a rural hospital.
Depending on the
dermatophyte involved there can be risk of person-to-person transmission.
From this percentage, 90% corresponds to the toenails, being the main etiological agents the
dermatophytes such as: Trichophyton rubrum, yeasts of the genus Candida spp, presenting a higher prevalence in the nails of hands, and also we find non-dermatophytic molds, such as Fusarium spp, Aspergillus spp, Scopulariopsis spp and Acremonium spp, as responsible for 2% to 20% of the isolates in clinical samples of nails, being its interpretation as causal agent of the frequently complicated nail alteration.
Dermatophytid reactions occur in up to 5% of all
dermatophyte infections (most commonly tinea pedis) and are proposed to be type IV hypersensitivity reactions to the release of fungal antigens.
Considering high frequency of
dermatophyte infections around the world and possible vital role of amino acids with it, we performed this study.
Present study, however, targeted this lapse by validating differential diagnostic techniques between two
dermatophyte genera in a single reaction to reach exact diagnosis in time.
In another study by Machler et al routine histologic examination with PAS stain was found to be equal to culture and superior to KOH in leading to a diagnosis of
dermatophyte infection of nail5.
However, the extent to which non-dermatophyte molds actually cause dermatophytosis particularly when a
dermatophyte is present concurrently is still a subject of debate.
Observation of a
dermatophyte by SEM [5-9] reveals hyphae with clearly visible branches and septa or arthroconidia, whereas analysis of Candida in culture medium by SEM [10,11] often shows pseudohyphae, blastospores, budding, and a ring of bud scars.
More recently developed PCR techniques are considered to the new standard technique in detecting
dermatophyte presence [43] with detection rates similar to PAS staining technique [44].