These models account for the complex interplay of differential subsidence, sediment supply, basin physiography, climate, and sea-level changes, and emphasize the importance of three-dimensional models, which consider both along-dip and along-strike variations in structural style and deposition, over the two-dimensional ones.
Retaining walls and other surface civil structures only cracked and damaged to the extent of requiring rehabilitation when the time gradient of deformations will be sufficiently small, or when a differential subsidence rate will be less than 1cm/year.