This was confirmed qualitatively with observations of soot dendrite behavior during an
electrode voltage perturbation using an optical access sensor.
In this method, the distribution of electrical resistance within the surface is achieved through measuring the
electrode voltage beside the surface (Fig.
The output optical binary code bits can be converted into the electrical domain by applying appropriate photodetectors, then fed into
electrode voltage for corresponding MZI.
For each group of data, the average of two voltages was used to calculate the ratio of the
electrode voltage with the high-resistance cylinder to that without the cylinder (i.e., the voltage increase rate K).
The average wind speed in the pipe depends on the distance between the electrodes,
electrode voltage and polarity.
Operation at low voltage also means that the electronics used to apply the
electrode voltage and to measure the detector current can be simpler, more compact, safer to the user, and much less power consuming."
The oscillator operated at a stabilized frequency of 13.56 MHz, and a maximum output of 10 kW at a maximum
electrode voltage of 5 kV.
where [U.sub.ac] is the
electrode voltage drop in the considered HVCAS, equal to the difference of electrical potentials at the interface between the <<spark-metal>> media.
In Figure 8 it is shown the counter
electrode voltage. Also, in Figure 9 it is shown voltage at the work electrode.
A voltage-controlled oscillator converts the varying
electrode voltage into a varying frequency, which is amplified and transmitted acoustically by the piezoelectric transducer.