McHugh, "Retroesophageal subclavian artery -
esophageal fistula: A rare complication of a salivary bypass tube," Head & Neck, vol.
In conclusion, diagnosis of
esophageal fistula by radiography in bovines and its surgical treatment by approaching esophagous from left lateral cervical region in both animals was found be satisfactory.
In experiment 1, saliva lost via the
esophageal fistula was replenished by RIAPS in a control under SFC, and the treatment was NFC (feed boluses entered into the rumen).
Surgical management of unusual
esophageal fistula in a heifer.
In the NFC control, the esophageal fistulae were always closed by the
esophageal fistula plugs and the animals ate dry forage in the normal manner but were deprived of water during feeding.
In children the use of endoscopic clips for closure of
esophageal fistula has been reported to be unsuccessful in one case [4] and successful in another more recent one [5].
The weight of warm water that was infused into the balloon in the rumen in the RIHS-IB treatment was equivalent to the weight of feed boluses removed via an
esophageal fistula during the 2 h feeding period (Thang et al., 2010).
In the RIAPS control, 3.48 [+ or -] 0.06 L of artificial parotid saliva, a solution resembling parotid saliva (Sunagawa et al., 2008), was intraruminally infused to replenish saliva removed from the
esophageal fistula during sham feeding.
In both the RRIAS-NIB control and the RRIAS-RIB treatment, at the commencement of feeding, 3.4 [+ or -] 0.07 L of iso-osmotic artificial saliva was intraruminally infused to replenish saliva removed from the
esophageal fistula using a bath tub pump.
In the SFC treatment, the ingested feed left the digestive tract via an
esophageal fistula before any gastric, intestinal or metabolic effects occurred.
The stent is designed for gradual expansion and features a Permalume silicone coating that is designed to prevent tumor in-growth, seal concurrent
esophageal fistulas and help reduce food impaction.
The WallFlex Fully and Partially Covered Stents employ a proprietary Permalume silicone covering designed to prevent tumor ingrowth, seal concurrent
esophageal fistulas and help reduce food impaction.