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However, in cases where an exophoria remains decompensated with full correction, a myopic overcorrection can be considered if the patient has adequate accommodative amplitude (see Figure 1).
Ohtsuki, "Convergence accommodation to convergence (CA/C) ratio in patients with intermittent exotropia and decompensated exophoria," Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology, vol.
In the present study, the distance and near phoria had a tendency to show more exophoria. Based on previous studies [25, 26], it would be logical to suggest that the decreased convergence and changed phoria after 3D TV viewing may be due to the adaptation of the vergence and accommodative controllers [27].
Dhir [3] also noticed muscle imbalance for near (mainly exophoria) to be more important in causing headache.
In Condition 3, one participant showed a significant increase in exophoria. No significant changes occurred in any other aspect of visual function for these three participants.
While convergence insufficiency (CI) was the main clinical vergence dysfunction (42.5%), other vergence deficits that were also found with a relatively high frequency included binocular instability (10.0%), convergence excess (2.5%), basic exophoria (2.5%), and divergence insufficiency (<2.0%) [7].
Successful outcome was defined as alignment [less than or equal to] 10 prism diopters (PD) esophoria or exophoria at the last follow-up visit.
This generally occurs when contact lens correction will not provide adequate sole management of BV disorders--the first example being the child exhibiting a large exophoria or intermittent exotropia in spectacles.
It is a common vision anomaly usually characterized as a binocular vision disorder with a low AC/A ratio in which the patient may have an orthophoria or exophoria at distance, with a moderate to high exophoria at near, greater than the distance phoria [3, 4], reporting as clinical characteristics, several symptoms and signs that can be present during the visual examination [1, 5-10].
What if there is a large exophoria? Are symptoms necessary (and which)?
Each manifested a receded NPC, abnormally high exophoria at near, and decreased compensatory fusional vergence ranges at near; thus, they were classified as having CI [4].
She's been lucky enough not to suffer amblyopia or esotropia as many of her similarly hyperopic counterparts--with her distance refraction she exhibits a moderate exophoria at near.
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