Fibroin


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fibroin

[′fī·brə·wən]
(biochemistry)
A protein secreted by spiders and silkworms which rapidly solidifies into strong, insoluble thread that is used to form webs or cocoons.

Fibroin

 

a simple protein, the principal component of the natural silk and spider-silk fibers secreted by the silk-secreting glands of certain insects and the silk glands of spiders and other arthropods. Fibroin is a viscous, syrupy fluid, that hardens in the air to a tough, insoluble filament. Fibroin threads, coated with the protein sericin, form a silk fiber, as in silkworm cocoons.

Fibroin belongs to a group of structural proteins called scleroproteins. It is resistant to organic solvents, dilute acids and bases, and proteolytic enzymes. The fibroin molecule consists of an elongated polypeptide chaino with repeating structural units, measuring approximately 7 Å. The group of amino acids in fibroin includes a high content of glycine (43 percent), alanine, serine, and tyrosine. The content of the amino acid tyrosine in fibroin is so much higher than in other proteins that fibroin is usually used as the prime source for obtaining tyrosine.

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References in periodicals archive ?
For the co-initiating mechanism of SP, the photofading mechanism of the dye on dyed silk fibroin might give us some suggestions.
Co-Initiating Function of Silk Peptide in Free Radical Photopolymerization
Phinyocheep, "Preparation of porous silk fibroin microparticles by a water-in-oil emulsification-diffusion method," Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol.
Preparation and Characterization of Keratin/Alginate Blend Microparticles
Caption: FIGURE 5: ELISA results for interfering antigens to test the specificity of anti-keratin primary antibody: (a) PBS; (b) negative control; (c) BSA; (d) HSA; (e) ovalbumin; (f) collagen; (g) sericin; (h) fibroin; (i) cotton extraction; (j) hemp extraction; (k) wool extraction; (l) keratin.
Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Gold-Labelled Immunochromatographic Strip Assay for the Detection of Ancient Wool
Lin, "Electrospinning of silk fibroin and collagen for vascular tissue engineering," International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, vol.
Potential of Electrospun Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/Collagen Blends for Tissue Engineering Applications
Fibroinase is a native silk digestion enzyme characterized as a cysteine proteinase and digests fibroin and sericin [29, 30].
Application of Food-Grade Proteolytic Enzyme for the Hydrolysis of Regenerated Silk Fibroin from Bombyx mori
Degummed silk fibroin meshes were integrated with electrospun aligned silk fibroin cores [42].
Advances in Tendon and Ligament Tissue Engineering: Materials Perspective
dipped in a solution of 1% silk fibroin, shelf lite is extended by seven
Green chemistry, continued..
Called fibroin, it's what gives the spider silk its structure and mechanical stability.
Recreating spider silk in the laboratory
Silk could be key to artificial cardiac tissue--specifically, the protein giving the silk its structure and mechanical stability: fibroin. Prof.
Cardiac muscle tissue made of spider silk
Mineralized silk fibroin composite foams and films display excellent biocompatibility.
GENERATION OF SILK FIBROIN-CA-P COMPOSITE BIOMIMETIC BONE REPLACEMENT MATERIAL USING ELECTROCHEMICAL DEPOSITION
Ltd.) won for their work on a "Novel Silk Fibroin Scaffold for Bone Graft Applications." It explores use of silk fibroin, a natural polymer produced by Bombyxmori silk worms to prepare scaffolds for tissue engineering applications.
Recognizing honored service
Preparation and characterization of scaffold nanofibers by electrospinning, based on chitosan and fibroin from Silkworm (Bombyx mori)
Obtencion y caracterizacion de andamios electrohilados a base de quitosano y fibroina del capullo (Bombyx mori)

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