challenge

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challenge

1. US an assertion that a person is not entitled to vote or that a vote is invalid

2. Law a formal objection to a person selected to serve on a jury (challenge to the polls) or to the whole body of jurors (challenge to the array)

challenge

[′chal·ənj]

(communications)

To cause an interrogator to transmit a signal which puts a transponder into operation.

(immunology)

Administration of an antigen to ascertain state of immunity.

References in periodicals archive ?

The gold standard for testing fluid responsiveness is a fluid challenge, in which a volume of fluid sufficient to increase the preload is infused over a short period of time and the response of the ventricle is tested.

Monitoring Changes in Hepatic Venous Velocities Flow after a Fluid Challenge Can Identify Shock Patients Who Lack Fluid Responsiveness

Therefore, since activation of renal elimination requires about 20 min, and distribution of crystalloid throughout the extracellular fluid space requires about 30 min for completion [14], we have excluded the first mini fluid challenge related data from the present analysis.

Revised evaluation of hemodilution response in the semi-closed loop infusion system

Intravenous fluid loading is often used as first-line therapy for patients with hypotension or circulatory failure, but in only half of patients does cardiac output respond positively after fluid challenge.

Acute volume therapy remains a controversial issue, with many unresolved aspects

Renal perfusion assessment by renal Doppler during fluid challenge in sepsis.

Clarifications on Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy and Hemodynamics

Fluid challenge induced plasma dilution (PD) during the mVLT is calculated from a change of hemoglobin concentration (Hb).

In Vivo testing of the semi-closed loop infusion system: the preliminary observations

A variable was regarded as a predictor of fluid responsiveness if its baseline value correlated with the change in stroke volume associated with fluid challenge (1).

A comparison of transcutaneous Doppler corrected flow time, b-type natriuretic peptide and central venous pressure as predictors of fluid responsiveness in septic shock: a preliminary evaluation

Marmaite, "Goal directed fluid therapy revised: indirect monitoring of interstitial fluid accumulation during mini fluid challenges with crystalloids", Open Conf Proc J.

In silico testing of the semi-closed loop infusion system with a new simulator

As fluid challenge can result in clinical deterioration, the ability to predict haemodynamic response is desirable In this way it might be possible to avoid unnecessary volume replacement in critically ill patients

A clinician's guide to predicting fluid responsiveness in critical illness: applied physiology and research methodology

Fluid challenge is a common diagnostic method to help the physician determine fluid responsiveness, which is an important component of fluid management in critically ill patients.

Passive Leg Raising in Intensive Care Medicine

Imminent oedema is suspected when the ability of a mini fluid challenge to advance haemodilution is minimised (approaches zero) [6].

Statistically biased calibration method for the real-time adjustment of noninvasive haemoglobin measurements in a semi-automated infusion system

Following twice fluid challenge tests, the systolic blood pressure, mean blood pressure, cardiac output and SV in the GDFT group were significantly higher, and the heart rate was lower than in the control group.

Goal-directed Fluid Therapy May Improve Hemodynamic Stability of Parturient with Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy Under Combined Spinal Epidural Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery and the Well-being of Newborns

OAK SIGNATURE addresses the rigorous fluid challenges of metalcutting, metalforming, cleaning, corrosion inhibition, and specialty applications.