isentropic surface

[¦īs·ən′träp·ik ′sər·fəs]

(meteorology)

A surface in space in which potential temperature is everywhere equal.

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These MLS averages are made inside the polar vortex on the 440-K isentropic surface (~18 km or 65 h Pa), (c) Temperature on the 440-K isentropic surface over Antarctica (60[degrees]-90[degrees]S) from MERRA-2 (Gelaro et al.

6. ANTARCTICA

Index Diagnosis of Pollution Transport at the Isentropic Surface. As it is known, both updraft and subsidence of dry or wet air are usually the most common and frequent air motions in the atmosphere.

A Study on Parameterization of the Beijing Winter Heavy Haze Events Associated with Height of Pollution Mixing Layer

It moves slowly up or down as it travels to conserve potential temperature; in other words, it clings to its "potential temperature surface" or isentropic surface (assuming heat isn't being added or removed).

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Viewing this quantity on the 355-K isentropic surface, we found that during their intensification stage, each of the four storms had an unusually symmetric "doughnut" structure to the PV field.

OUTFLOW ENVIRONMENTS OF HARVEY, IRMA, JOSE, AND MARIA WERE ESPECIALLY FAVORABLE IN 2017

We calculated the mean vortex edge from 450 K to 650 K and found that the mean edge is closest to the edge on 550 K isentropic surface. Therefore, we use the criterion PV contour (-28.8 PVU) on550K isentropic surface to calculate the averaged total column zone within the polar vortex.

The Relationship between Polar Vortex and Ozone Depletion in the Antarctic Stratosphere during the Period 1979-2016

A useful quantity for this purpose is potential vorticity (PV) on the [theta] = 315-K isentropic surface. We will estimate the growth rate by calculating tendencies in the ensemble standard deviation [[sigma].sub.PV] in the 12-h background (first guess) forecasts of the EDA (25 members).

FLOW-DEPENDENT RELIABILITY: A Path to More Skillful Ensemble Forecasts: Improving short-range flow-dependent reliability, which may provide a practical approach to increase forecast skill out to ~10 days, is discussed and illustrated for a specific flow situation associated with convection over North America and poor skill for Europe

Screenshot of instructor's lecture video annotations on map of pressure contours on 300-K isentropic surface. [Map from Rauber et al.

Synoptic Meteorology in a Blended Online Environment: Results from UCAR and Member University Collaboration

PV cutoffs Structures of stratospheric air Wernli and ([absolute value of PV] > 2 PVU) Sprenger that are detached from the main (2007) stratospheric body on a specific isentropic surface. PV streamers Filaments of stratospheric air on Wernli and an isentropic surface, where the Sprenger surrounding [+ or -] 2-PVU contour (2007) fulfills certain geometric criteria.

Global climatologies of Eulerian and Lagrangian flow features based on Era-Interim: Climatologies of Eulerian and Lagrangian flow features are made openly available from ETH Zurich with monthly time resolution for research on seasonal and interannual atmospheric flow variability

While not discussed in the abovementioned tropospheric vortex studies, the edge of the tropospheric vortex can (as in the stratosphere) be defined from potential vorticity contours on an isentropic surface or (equivalently) potential temperature on a surface of constant potential vorticity (Hoskins et al.

WHAT IS THE POLAR VORTEX AND HOW DOES IT INFLUENCE WEATHER? There are separate stratospheric and tropospheric planetary-scale circumpolar vortices, with differing structure, seasonality, dynamics, and impacts on extreme weather

We then derived the zonally integrated meridional mass flux above a specific isentropic surface [[THETA].sub.n] at latitude [phi] on day t as

Feeling the pulse of the stratosphere: an emerging opportunity for predicting continental-scale cold-air outbreaks 1 month in advance

The low ozone contents at lower levels result from the presence of high pressure at the upper troposphere in the surrounding of the polar edge, which leads to adiabatic vertical displacement of isentropic surfaces, as it has been suggested by other authors (Koch et al., 2005).

Episodios extremos de bajo contenido de ozono en la region sub-artica de Keflavik

Haynes and McIntrye [34] showed that potential vorticity can be diluted or concentrated only by flow across isentropes and it cannot be created or destroyed within a layer bounded by isentropic surfaces. Thus, Choi and Zhang [9] described in detail the dust transportation route, using relative vorticity and depicting shade area in Figure 11(b) with the big magnitudes of potential vorticity near the ground surface of downwind side area and the shade area implied the accumulation of air masses inside a strong stable atmospheric layer.

Double compressions of atmospheric depth by geopotential tendency, vorticity, and atmospheric boundary layer affected abrupt high particulate matter concentrations at a coastal city for a yellow dust period in October

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