Non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation markers are
isoprostanes (IsoP) produced in a phospholipid membrane under the influence of ROS [28].
Berliner, "Oxidized phospholipids and
isoprostanes in atherosclerosis," Current Opinion in Lipidology, vol.
Carrier, "Plasma F2
isoprostanes: direct evidence of increased free radical damage during acute hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes," Diabetes Care, vol.
Zhang et al., "
Isoprostanes and related products of lipid peroxidation in neurodegenerative diseases," Chemistry and Physics of Lipids, vol.
2005), to our knowledge, the relationship between As exposure and
isoprostanes has not been evaluated in human populations.
In the first stage of oxidation, minimal modifications of LDL particles occur in the form of minimum modified apolipoprotein B, conversion of cholesteryl esters and phospholipids in hydroperoxides,
isoprostanes and short length branched-chain aldehydes.
The
isoprostanes. Current knowledge and directions for future research.
Block, in a study, demonstrated that the amount of lipid peroxidation and [F.sub.2]
isoprostanes were increased significantly in smokers compared with nonsmokers (Block et al.,).
Furthermore, it may be utilized by the P450 metabolism to produce 20-HETE [53] and by nonenzymatic conversion to form [PGF.sub.2]
isoprostanes [3, 54] (Figure 3(b)).
Veglia et al., "
Isoprostanes and oxidative stress in off-pump and on-pump coronary bypass surgery," Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol.
Roberts 2nd, "
Isoprostanes: markers and mediators of oxidative stress," The FASEB Journal, vol.