muriatic acid

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hydrogen chloride

hydrogen chloride, chemical compound, HCl, a colorless, poisonous gas with an unpleasant, acrid odor. It is very soluble in water and readily soluble in alcohol and ether. It fumes in moist air. It is not flammable, and the liquid is a poor conductor of electricity. Hydrogen chloride is prepared commercially by the reaction of sulfuric acid with sodium chloride (common salt); niter cake, a mixture of sodium bisulfite and sulfuric acid that is a byproduct of nitric acid manufacture, is sometimes used in place of sulfuric acid. Hydrogen chloride is also produced as a byproduct of the manufacture of chlorinated organic chemicals. It can be prepared directly by reaction of hydrogen and chlorine gases; the reaction is very exothermic and takes place readily in sunlight or at elevated temperatures. Although anhydrous (water-free) hydrogen chloride is commercially available as a high-pressure compressed gas in steel cylinders, most of the gas produced is dissolved in water to form hydrochloric acid (see acids and bases), a commercially important chemical. Pure grades of hydrochloric acid are colorless, but technical grades, commonly called muriatic acid, are often yellow-colored because of impurities such as dissolved metals. Most hydrochloric acid produced has a concentration of 30% to 35% hydrogen chloride by weight. The major use of hydrochloric acid is in the manufacture of other chemicals. It is also used in large amounts in pickling (cleaning) metal surfaces, e.g., iron before galvanizing. It reacts with most common metals, releasing hydrogen and forming the metal chloride; with most metal oxides and hydroxides it reacts to form water and the metal chloride. Hydrochloric acid is also used in small amounts in processing glucose and other foods and for various other uses. Concentrated solutions are strong acids and highly corrosive. Hydrochloric acid is not an oxidizing agent but can be oxidized by very strong oxidizing agents, liberating chlorine gas. In dilute solutions of the acid the hydrogen chloride is almost completely dissociated into hydrogen and chloride ions. A solution containing 20.24% hydrogen chloride by weight is azeotropic, boiling at a constant temperature of 110℃ at atmospheric pressure. Hydrogen chloride also forms monohydrates, dihydrates, and trihydrates that are liquids at room temperature.

muriatic acid

[myu̇r·ē′ad·ik ′as·əd]

(inorganic chemistry)

hydrochloric acid

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* Optional items: mortar pigment or colored grout, muriatic acid and stone sealer

Pebble mosaic steppers: collect some river rock and make your own unique stepping-stone path

Another good test for the pH probe uses muriatic acid. Gently take it out of the fitting tee or flow cell, and hold it a couple of inches over the acid tank.

Control issues: to get accurate readings from chemical controllers, the sensors must be maintained properly. Here are some pointers

Labels on the containers said they contained muriatic acid, also called hydrochloric acid, which can cause permanent vision damage and severe burns if allowed to remain on eyes or skin.

Chemical spill snarls traffic, sends an officer to hospital

Its identity as muriatic acid was verified at the University of Virginia and at Yale (42).

William Prout: early 19th century physician-chemist

This is done by power-washing, scrubbing with cleaners (such as trisodium phosphate--TSP), or applying a diluted mix of muriatic acid and water.

Repaving the way

Products Commonly Found in Clan Labs [*] Commercial Products Chemicals Hazards Battery Acid Sulfuric Acid Corrosive Acid Drain Cleaner Camera Batteries Lithium Water Reactive Coleman Fuel Petroleum Distillates Flammable Kerosene Lacquer Thinner Mineral Spirits Denatured Alcohol Mixture of Alcohols Flammable Epsom Salts Magnesium Sulfate Nonhazardous Heet Methyl Alcohol Flammable Iodine Crystals Iodine Irritant 7 percent Tincture of Iodine Muriatic Acid Hydrochloric Acid Corrosive Acid Nonprescription Cold Medicine Ephedrine/Pseudoephedrine Nonhazardous Red Devil Lye Sodium Hydroxide Corrosive Base Road Flares Red Phosphorous Flammable Starting Fluid Ethyl Ether Explosive/Flammable (*.)This reflects only a partial list of products commonly found in clan labs.

Clandestine Drug Labs

Rubber, for example, offers considerable resistance to abrasion and chemicals, including most inorganic salts, alkalies and some organic chemicals, even muriatic acid.

Controlling Corrosion

It is sold at most hardware stores under the name muriatic acid, and costs only a dollar or so for a quart.

Identifying unknowns

Sulfuric acid, muriatic acid, lime arsenated soda, and dyes were used by textile companies and dumped into the waterways.

Whatever happened to industrial waste?: Reform, compromise, and science in nineteenth century southern New England

To aid adherence, floors were first etched with muriatic acid. However, even with the additional step, the entire process was accomplished in-house.

Epoxy coatings brighten business

Key to successful application of a basement wall waterproofer is preparation of the wall, which usually involves brushing with a metal brush, and applying a coat of muriatic acid. Follow manufacturers, instructions carefully.

Household moisture problems during cold weather

This time, scientists of the Philippine Nuclear Research Institute are set to conduct similar safety tests on soy sauce and fish sauce or patis following reports that some manufacturers are using hydrochloric or muriatic acid to speed up fermentation processes.