Transistor [M.sub.1] which is identical to [M.sub.A1] is used to reduce DC
offset voltage between Y and X terminals.
Note that the voltage difference, [DELTA][V.sub.REF] = [V.sub.REF1] - [V.sub.REF2], plays a dominant role in the
offset voltage because it is amplified by [1 + 2([R.sub.A]/[R.sub.G])] X ([R.sub.C]/[R.sub.B]).
Here the input
offset voltage of 700 millivolt is given as input in order to reduce the noise.
In addition, the dual-Hall element orthogonal coupling and spinning current technology was used to effectively lower the
offset voltage. Circuit offset was suppressed using autozeroed technology.
Here, a constant
offset voltage is added to the output voltage so that the opamp output will not be saturated to the GND side to maintain a linear characteristic from zero solenoid current.
The nonlinearity indicates the input
offset voltage of the single slope ADC.
The resulted input
offset voltage can be expressed as
* Packaging in epoxy over-molded ceramic with a heat-conducting alumina substrate that provides low
offset voltage of less than 1 [micro]V.
This causes toggling the output voltage polarity, but the
offset voltage remains a consistent bias on the output.
Comparison of Fig.2-4 shows that rectenna conversion efficiency for shunt rectifier configuration is independent of
offset voltage and is almost constant at any load.