Emeraid
Piscivore (Lafeber Company, Cornell, IL, USA), a semi-purified diet intended for debilitated piscivorous species, was mixed with acid insoluble ash (AIA; Celite; Sigma-Aldrich Corp., St Louis, MO, USA) at 2% dry matter.
Fishing affects the species composition of
piscivores (e.g., sharks and jacks), and large fishes are often the first ones to disappear from catch records (Friedlander and DeMartini, 2002; Fenner, 2014).
notata, is considered a
piscivore (Carr & Adams, 1973; Arceo-Carranza et al., 2004) that obtains prey throughout the water column, as demonstrated by the presence of both demersal and pelagic components in the diet (Arceo-Carranza et al., 2004).
Similarly, the absence of any other
piscivore besides cod and the paucity of other prey species in the Arctic lakes probably contribute to the earlier onset of cannibalism.
A decline in herbivores in Phase III is made up for by an increase in
piscivores. During Phase IV,
piscivores drop back down to near Phase |I levels, herbivores maintain similar levels of exploitation as seen in Phase III, and the discrepancy is made up for by an increase in omnivores and benthic carnivores.
Round gobies also are potential prey for
piscivores (Ruetz et al.
Bower, Bruce 2011 Humans: Borneo orangs fish for their dinner: Behavior suggests early human ancestors were
piscivores. Science News, 179(10): 16.
These zooplanktivorous fish are themselves controlled by
piscivores like Clarias species which feed on their fries.
Size-dependent predation in
piscivores: interactions between predator foraging and prey avoidance abilities.
While proponents play up the idea that the fish is local, this isn't enough to win over local
piscivores.
In turn, Diporeia was fed upon by many fish species, including the commercially important lake whitefish, and forage fish such as alewife, bloater, and sculpin that serve as prey for larger
piscivores (salmon, trout) (Scott and Crossman 1973, Wells 1980).