Another study that was also conducted with adults [21], analyzed the differences between the VOT duration measures of
plosive consonants [p, t, k] in the speech production of 14 bilingual individuals (Spanish-English), aged 18 to 24 years.
* dental /t/ is changed to voiced alveolar
plosive /d/
The results obtained by Golubovic and Colic [11] show that all tested children from 5.5 and 7 years of age have the proper pronunciation of all sounds,
plosives and nasals, which is, according to the authors, expected given that these sounds are the first to be adopted in the speech sound system of Serbian language.
[This self-same letter s is also found to make a common syllable when placed in the beginning of the following syllable and followed by two consonants, i.e., a
plosive and a liquid, as in Horace, Satires 1:
The voiceless
plosive consonants MP *p, *t, *k regularly derived in ISP as *p, *t, and *k in all position of the word; beginning, between vowels and at the end of the word.
Even for sounds usually perceived as nonlinguistic such as the Hindi
plosive contrast, and for two English contrasts usually perceived as a single category, significant individual differences in personality have surfaced.
Vowel articulation was measured with a reading-aloud task of spoken "consonant-vowel-consonant-vowel" (CVCV) tokens, with the target vowels /i/, /u/, and /a/ and the consonants /p/, /t/, /k/, /b/, /d/, and /g/ (
plosives) and /f/, /s/, and /[integral]/ ("ch") (fricatives).
However unlike Dutch there are not only /s/ but also
plosives nasals and fricatives can be preceded by obstruent and liquids in Hindko.
all sort o' wrong." The insistent alliteration, heavy with
plosive d and t sounds, of the basileml line, "Dern dutty mout' wid lyin' stain'," which harshly censors the dirty and dishonest speech of the police, emphatically affirms the truth-telling power of the Apple-Woman's vernacular speech.
Similarly, a stem with an initial voiced bilabial
plosive (whether aspirated or unaspirated) with the meaning 'become' (often partly overlapping with the paradigm for 'be') is typical for Shina, whereas an h-based one occurs as the corresponding verb in Kohistani (Baart 1999a, 44, 184, 197; Backstrom and Radloff 1992, 370-400; Bailey 1924, 30, 133, 165-166; Buddruss 1967, 83, 102, 131; S.
Take, for example, the chapter on Tolkien's Elvish languages, which includes such abstruse linguistic terms as "voiced
plosive," "aspirated consonant," and "privative prefix." Others, like the final chapter on revitalized languages such as Modern Hebrew and Cornish, indulge in lengthy discussions of spelling and morphology that read like excerpts from an article found via JSTOR.
The starting motivation for this comparison was Leho Vork's (1972) impressionistic description of some differences between Estonian and Finnish short/single
plosives. According to Vork (1972 : 14), "a word-initial [invariably short]
plosive in native Estonian words and in old loanwords is regularly written using the graphemes p, t, k.