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Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), the only host of WPB in the area, suffered highest levels of tree mortality, from 18.2% to 100% per plot.
MORs for copper naphthenate and creosote--polymer-treated red oak,
ponderosa pine, and Douglas-fir were significantly higher than those for creosote-treated specimens of the same species.
The response of cavity-nesting birds to the legacy effects of mixed-severity wildfires has been observed in many western
ponderosa pine forested regions (e.g., Saab and Dudley, 1998; Kotliar et al., 2007; Dudley et al., 2012), but less is known on how cavity-nesting birds respond to the legacy of mixed-severity wildfires in eastern
ponderosa pine forests.
Groups and clumps of
ponderosa pine trees varied in shape, size, and number of trees, and were irregularly shaped.
Interior
Ponderosa Pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests of the Pacific Northwest have changed dramatically since the time of European settlement.
Reasoning that sunspots affect the sun's output, which affects our climate, he got the eyebrow-raising idea to look al growth patterns in tree rings for evidence of past sunspot activity, Soon, Douglass noticed that a pattern of small rings in the years 1899, 1902, and 1904 was consistent among
ponderosa pines near Flagstaff, Arizona.
Under Hoff's direction, the mine's reclamation team has reclaimed more than 2,000 acres, created a program to control erosion, pioneered a two-phase seeding protocol to improve warm season grass, forb, and shrub establishment, and developed techniques to restore woody habitat and
ponderosa pine.
The fire was deliberately started by the National Park Service a week ago to clear brush, but quickly flared out of control, racing through stands of
ponderosa pine.
- We used green
ponderosa pine cones, gathered in late July 1996, in experiments to test the effect of spines on closed cones.
We probably won't honour the
ponderosa pine until there are only a scattering of trees left.
He recently sponsored a team that, in eight weeks, built boundary fences to protect riparian habitat and planted 7,500
ponderosa pine seedlings--work that never would have been accomplished with his regular two-man crew.
Some ecosystems, like the
ponderosa pine forests in the West, rely on fire to thrive.
