In other words, deswelling or
volume phase transition occurs.
Tenders invited for
Volume phase holographic transmission gratings
Two papers from Italy described astronomic HOEs and
volume phase holographic gratings (VPHGs) recorded on photopolymer materials.
The NIPAM component in the poly(NIPAM-VAA-AAm) microgels network undergoes a
volume phase transition from swollen to shrunken (collapsed) state with increasing temperature.
T/(K) log D [DELTA]G/(kJ x [DELTA]S/(J x [mol.sup.-1]) [mol.sup.-1] x [K.sup.-1]) 283 1.44 -7.80 -65.12 293 1.25 -7.01 -65.60 303 1.05 -6.09 -66.47 313 0.92 -5.51 -66.20 323 0.86 -5.31 -64.77 TABLE 5: Effect of the
volume phase ratio on Te(IV) extraction.
The core differentiator is the use of P&P Optica's high-efficiency, transmission-based
Volume Phase Holographic (VPH) gratings, which provide average absolute diffraction efficiency greater than 75%, far more than the typical 35% of ruled and holographic gratings, and a signal-to-noise ratio of 100,000:1.
The series employs a
Volume Phase Grating (VPG) as the spectral dispersion element and an InGaAs array detector as the detection element.
These calculations were made measuring the final salt concentration by conductimetry and the final external
volume phase (W2), and performing a mass balance of the salt.
In addition, the Bayfol HX material was also used for astronomical
Volume Phase Holographic Gratings (VPHGs).
The amount of surfactant affected on CPE by the following aspects: (1)Extraction rate; (2) Enrichment
volume phase; (3) The process of phase separation.
That
volume phase of the mining boom certainly hasn't ended yet."
The spectrometer integrates multiple
volume phase gratings customized for each specific wavelength region and deep-cooled InGaAs array detectors, providing maximized light throughput.