The online message board, started by Professor Akio Furukowa in 2002, was examined by You to show how an "English using community deals with conflicts and tensions arising in cultural encounters and how the cultural entanglement leads to cultural synthesis" (38)--a reality of the contact zone that is not emphasized in contact
zone theory or contrastive rhetoric.
The technique introduced in this paper combines oblique moving band heat source theory with nonuniform heat intensity at tool-chip interface and modified Oxley's parallel shear
zone theory with ploughing effects due to tool flank wear to predict cutting forces, stress, and temperature distributions.