a city in Ararat Raion, Armenian SSR, located on the Ararat Plain, on the Yerevan-Dzhul’fa highway. Railroad station 51 km southeast of Yerevan. Population, 9,800 (1968). A cement and slate combine was put into operation in 1957 on the basis of the Davalin limestone and travertine mine. Ararat was founded as a settlement in 1929 in connection with the construction of a cement plant; it was reorganized as a city in 1962.
a volcanic massif rising over the right bank of the middle reaches of the Araks River in Turkey, near the border with the USSR. Ararat consists of the cones of two extinct volcanoes whose bases have merged: the Bol’shoi Ararat (known in Armenian as Masis and in Turkish as Büyük-Agndag), with an elevation of 5,165 m; and the Malyi Ararat, with an elevation of 3,925 m. The Sardar-Bulak anticline runs between them. The combined perimeter of the bases of both peaks is about 130 km. Ararat is composed of Cenozoic basalts. The Bol’shoi Ararat is capped by permanent snow above an elevation of 4,250 m and has about 30 glaciers (including St. Jacob’s glacier, over 2 km long). The slopes, formed from weathered lava flows, are bare.