a state enterprise which mints coins and manufactures orders, medals, and other state insignia of distinction made of metal, as well as various minted and stamped articles made of metal using gold and silver plating and jeweler’s enamel.
Mints originate with the formation of national states, when the minting of coins becomes a state monopoly. The first mint in Russia appeared in Moscow in 1534. In 1724 the mint in St. Petersburg was established and in 1876 became the only one in the country. In England a mint was established in London in the late 12th century, while in the United States the first mint was organized in Philadelphia in 1792.
In the first years after the Great October Socialist Revolution coins were not minted. The mint in Leningrad (formerly Petrograd) produced orders and anniversary medals until 1921. In August 1921 it began to mint silver coins, and in 1924 copper coins, followed later by bronze and nickel coins. In 1961 brass and nickel silver coins were first minted there. The Leningrad mint produces coins for circulation on a 1961 design. The mint in Moscow, which was set up in 1942, makes orders and medals of the USSR, insignia of distinction, and other articles from precious metals.