Reaction of anti-OJ autoantibodies with components of the multi-enzyme complex of aminoacyl-tRNA
synthetases in addition to isoleucyl-tRNA
synthetase.
Partnering with these 20 tRNAs are 20 matching helper enzymes known as
synthetases (aminoacyl-tRNA
synthetases), whose job it is to load their partner tRNAs with the correct amino acid.
Glutathione normally regulates its own biosynthesis by inhibiting [gamma]-glutamylcysteine
synthetase, the enzyme catalyzing the first step in the [gamma]-glutamyl cycle.
The following antibodies were assayed: antiOJ (anti-isoleucyl) antibody against isoleucyltRNA
synthetase; anti-EJ (anti-glycyl) antibody against glycyl-tRNA
synthetase; anti-threonyltRNA
synthetase (anti-PL7) antibody against threonyl-tRNA
synthetase; anti-alanyl-tRNA
synthetase (anti-PL-12) antibody against alanyltRNA
synthetase; and anti-Jo-1 antibody against histidyl-tRNA
synthetase.
(20) Even within the group of ARS, patients with anti-Jo-1 autoantibodies seem to fare better than do those with other anti-tRNA
synthetase autoantibodies, such as anti-PL-12, predominantly because of worse pulmonary outcomes.
Ammonium is assimilated into amino acids in a process that is catalyzed mainly by the GS-GOGAT (glutamine
synthetase and glutamate synthase) pathway.
Interestingly, amongst the seven genes that have been identified to cause the disease, most have housekeeping functions, including small heat shock proteins (sHSP) (dHMN-II); glycyl tRNA
synthetase (GARS) (dHMN-V); Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy (BSCL2) (dHMN-V); immunoglobulin [micro]-binding protein-2 (IGHMBP2) (dHMN-VI); dynactin (DCTN1) (dHMN-VII); and senataxin (SETX) (dHMN) with pyramidal tract signs.
To the Editor: Mutations in the mitochondrial alanyl-tRNA
synthetase 2 gene ( AARS2 ) have been recently found to lead to chronic progressive leukodystrophy or infantile cardiomyopathy.
Some promise in the treatment of keloid has been offered by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), which is a potent inhibitor of thymidylate
synthetase and interferes with pyrimidine metabolism, thus DNA synthesis is blocked.6 It was found that when used alone, 5-FU did not perform better than steroid.
Asparagine
synthetase (ASNS) is an expression status present in various tumour types, such as leukaemia, lymphoma and pancreatic cancer.