Encyclopedia

Synthetase

Also found in: Dictionary, Medical, Wikipedia.

synthetase

[′sin·thə‚tās]
(biochemistry)
McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific & Technical Terms, 6E, Copyright © 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Synthetase

 

the common name for an enzyme of the class of ligases. As opposed to synthases, synthetases effect condensation reactions, which are accompanied by the decomposition of energy-rich bonds in nucleoside triphosphates, including ATP.

The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979). © 2010 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mentioned in
References in periodicals archive
Reaction of anti-OJ autoantibodies with components of the multi-enzyme complex of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in addition to isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase.
Partnering with these 20 tRNAs are 20 matching helper enzymes known as synthetases (aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases), whose job it is to load their partner tRNAs with the correct amino acid.
Glutathione normally regulates its own biosynthesis by inhibiting [gamma]-glutamylcysteine synthetase, the enzyme catalyzing the first step in the [gamma]-glutamyl cycle.
The following antibodies were assayed: antiOJ (anti-isoleucyl) antibody against isoleucyltRNA synthetase; anti-EJ (anti-glycyl) antibody against glycyl-tRNA synthetase; anti-threonyltRNA synthetase (anti-PL7) antibody against threonyl-tRNA synthetase; anti-alanyl-tRNA synthetase (anti-PL-12) antibody against alanyltRNA synthetase; and anti-Jo-1 antibody against histidyl-tRNA synthetase.
(20) Even within the group of ARS, patients with anti-Jo-1 autoantibodies seem to fare better than do those with other anti-tRNA synthetase autoantibodies, such as anti-PL-12, predominantly because of worse pulmonary outcomes.
Ammonium is assimilated into amino acids in a process that is catalyzed mainly by the GS-GOGAT (glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase) pathway.
Interestingly, amongst the seven genes that have been identified to cause the disease, most have housekeeping functions, including small heat shock proteins (sHSP) (dHMN-II); glycyl tRNA synthetase (GARS) (dHMN-V); Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy (BSCL2) (dHMN-V); immunoglobulin [micro]-binding protein-2 (IGHMBP2) (dHMN-VI); dynactin (DCTN1) (dHMN-VII); and senataxin (SETX) (dHMN) with pyramidal tract signs.
To the Editor: Mutations in the mitochondrial alanyl-tRNA synthetase 2 gene ( AARS2 ) have been recently found to lead to chronic progressive leukodystrophy or infantile cardiomyopathy.
Some promise in the treatment of keloid has been offered by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), which is a potent inhibitor of thymidylate synthetase and interferes with pyrimidine metabolism, thus DNA synthesis is blocked.6 It was found that when used alone, 5-FU did not perform better than steroid.
Asparagine synthetase (ASNS) is an expression status present in various tumour types, such as leukaemia, lymphoma and pancreatic cancer.
Copyright © 2003-2025 Farlex, Inc Disclaimer
All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.