butyric acid

[byü′tir·ik ′as·əd]

(organic chemistry)

CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH A colorless, combustible liquid with boiling point 163.5°C (757 mmHg); soluble in water, alcohol, and ether; used in synthesis of flavors, in pharmaceuticals, and in emulsifying agents.

The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Butyric Acid

a saturated monobasic carboxylic acid of the aliphatic series; a colorless liquid with a sharp, unpleasant odor, readily soluble in water and organic solvents.

Butyric acid has two known isomers: n-butyric acid, CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH (boiling point, 163°C; density, 0.958 g/cm³ at 20°C); and isobutyric acid (CH₃)₂CHCOOH (boiling point, 155°C; density, 0.949 g/cm³ at 20°C). The first can be obtained by the oxidation of n-butanol or by the fermentation of waste products containing starch; the second, by the oxidation of isobutanol. Derivatives of n -butyric acid, or glycerides, are components of animal fats (for example, butter). Butyric acid esters, which have a fruity or floral odor, are of practical significance: certain types are used as aromatic principles in the perfume and food industries, and others as masticators in the preparation of varnishes.

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References in periodicals archive

In contrast to this, the persistence of the following odorants, methyl butanoate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl 2-methylbutanoate, ethyl hexanoate, methional, hexyl 3-methylbutanoate, 3-methylbutyl acetate, [beta]-damascenone, 2-methoxyphenol, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone and ethyl cinnamate was reduced.

Investigation of the retronasal perception of palm wine (Elaeis guineensis) aroma by application of sensory analysis and exhaled odorant measurement (EXOM)

The semiquantification was performed using calibration curves made of 5 concentration levels (0.2-60 [micro]g of standard per vial) of 10 representative compounds for the main volatile classes in passion fruit: ethyl butanoate, ethyl hexanoate, hexyl hexanoate, ethyl crotonate, hexan-1-ol, linalool, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, limonene, [gamma]-terpinene, and decanal (Sigma-Aldrich).

Volatile Composition of Sweet Passion Fruit (Passiflora alata Curtis)

In addition,hexyl hexanoate, hexyl butanoate, ethyl butanoate, (Z)-3-hexenyl hexanoate, (Z)-3-hexenyl butanoate and ethyl hexanoate are the most abundant compounds found among the volatile fraction of yellow passion fruit juice (WERKHOFF et al., 1998; BRAT et al., 2000).

Volatile profile of yellow passion fruit juice by static headspace and solid phase microextraction techniques/Perfil volatil do suco do maracuja-amarelo por tecnicas de extracao em headspace estatico e microextracao em fase solida

Considering the structural differences among the isolated casearins, we suggest that the substituent butanoate at C-18 present in casearin J might have contributed to the higher efficacy among the four tested diterpenoids.

Antiparasitic activity and effect of casearins isolated from Casearia sylvestris on Leishmania and Trypanosoma cruzi plasma membrane

To simulate biodiesel combustion for method 2 we used methyl butanoate thermodynamic data as surrogate [14].

Comparing in cylinder pressure modelling of a DI diesel engine fuelled on alternative fuel using two tabulated chemistry approaches

The compounds were ethanol, 3-methylbutyl acetate, 2-methylpropylbutanoate, 1-methylbutyl propanoate, 3, 7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol, 3-methylbutyl butanoate, 3-methylbutyl-3-methylbutanoate, phenylmethyl propanoate, decanoic acid, 3-methylbutylhexanoate, butyl-2-butiryloxypropanoate, dodecanoic acid, and 5-pentyloxolan-2-one.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae mixed culture of blackberry (Rubus ulmifolius L.) juice: synergism in the aroma compounds production

Orthonasal and retronasal thresholds for esters were twice (methyl butanoate) to thirty times (ethyl propanoate) higher in the orange juice matrix than the published values found in water.

Non-water-soluble compounds affect odor, flavor perception

1563 Dehydromatricaria ester * 1563 2412 (E)-Nerolidol 1563 2032 Dendrolasin 1563 2044 Lauric acid 1568 2495 Spatulenol# 1568 2120 Geranyl butanoate 1570 1883 Caryophyllene oxide# 1572 1965 Matricaria lactone * 1578 2584 Dihydronerolidol 1580 2108 Humulene-1,2-epoxide 1580 trans-a-Bisabolene epoxide 1582 2108 NI (7), benzenemethanol, 1595 2324 [alpha]-1-octenyl-?

Content and composition of essential oils in some Asteraceae species/ Eeterliku oli sisaldus ja koostis monedes Asteraceae sugukonna taimeliikides

Gene ontology categories with a high percentage of genes more highly expressed in liver than mammary tissues included carbohydrate metabolism (glycolysis, glucoenogenesis, propanoate metabolism, butanoate metabolism, electron carrier and donor activity), lipid metabolism (fatty acid oxidation, chylomicron/lipid transport, bile acid metabolism, cholesterol metabolism, steroid metabolism, ketone body formation), amino acid/nitrogen metabolism (amino acid biosynthetic process, amino acid catabolic process, urea cycle, and glutathione metabolic process), cytochrome p450, heme binding, response to xenobiotic stimulus, and blood coagulation.

Gene expression profiling of liver and mammary tissues of lactating dairy cows

In addition, they showed radical scavenging activities in DPPH assays which were attributed to the presence of high percentages of phenylpropanoids and an ester in their essential oils: myristicin (53.6%), (E)-anethole (25.0%), hexyl butanoate (29.7%) and elemicin (41.1%), respectively [5].Recently, the essential oils of the fruits and aerial parts of A.

Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of the Essential Oil and Extracts of Anisosciadium orientale

calamus were 4-terpineol, 2-allyl-5-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenol, epieudesmin, lysidine, spathulenol, borneol, furylethyl ketone, nonanoic acid, 2,2,5,5tetramethyl-3-hexanol, bornyl acetate, galgravin, retusin, (9E,12E,15E)-9,12,15-octadecatrien-l-ol, butyl butanoate, geranyl acetate, sakuranin, acetic acid, camphor, isoelemicin, a-ursolic acid, acetophenone, dehydroabietic acid, isoeugenol methylether, apigenin 4',7-dimethyl ether, dehydrodiisoeugenol, linalool, elemicin, linolenic acid (Balakumbahan et al.

An overview on traditional uses and pharmacological profile of acorus calamus Linn. (Sweet flag) and other acorus species