knowledge

(artificial intelligence, information science)

The objects, concepts and relationships that are assumed to exist in some area of interest. A collection of knowledge, represented using some knowledge representation language is known as a knowledge base and a program for extending and/or querying a knowledge base is a knowledge-based system.

Knowledge differs from data or information in that new knowledge may be created from existing knowledge using logical inference. If information is data plus meaning then knowledge is information plus processing.

A common form of knowledge, e.g. in a Prolog program, is a collection of facts and rules about some subject.

For example, a knowledge base about a family might contain the facts that John is David's son and Tom is John's son and the rule that the son of someone's son is their grandson. From this knowledge it could infer the new fact that Tom is David's grandson.

See also Knowledge Level.

This article is provided by FOLDOC - Free Online Dictionary of Computing (foldoc.org)

The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Knowledge

the result of cognition of reality verified in practice; the true reflection of reality in the consciousness of man.

Knowledge is the opposite of ignorance, the absence of verified information about something. Elementary knowledge resulting from biological regularities is characteristic of animals as well, for whom it serves as a necessary condition for the vital activity of the organism and for the realization of its behavioral activity. Knowledge may be everyday, prescientific, artistic, or scientific; scientific knowledge is subdivided into empirical and theoretical. As a rule, everyday knowledge is limited to the statement and description of facts. Scientific knowledge ascends to the level of explanation of facts and their comprehension in a system of concepts of a given science; it is included within a theory. The essence of scientific knowledge consists in understanding reality in its past, present, and future; in reliably generalizing from facts; in dis-covering necessary and regular laws behind random occurrences and general patterns behind singular events; and on such a basis, in foreseeing phenomena. Human thought is constantly advancing from ignorance to knowledge, from superficial to increasingly more profound and comprehensive knowledge.

A. G. SPIRKIN

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References in periodicals archive

Information and communication technology helps students to learn effectively so, it is imperative, future teacher must know the use of technology with their knowledge (Chang, Hsu, Ciou, 2017).

Put forward the TPACK framework to emphasize the need to put technical knowledge in content and teaching knowledge.

Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) and Preparedness of Tutors in Open and Distance Learning (ODL) for New Teacher Education Programs

Like in any organization, knowledge sharing is the most important to enhance the required knowledge in the field of research and analysis among research scholars.

* To identify the various modes of knowledge sharing by the research scholars in Bharathidasan University

A STUDY ON THE ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE SHARING BEHAVIOUR AMONG RESEARCH SCHOLARS IN BHARATHIDASAN UNIVERSITY

In the era of knowledge, both knowledge management and creativity are taken as the most important and interrelated factors in the long term success of persons and organization.

Universities with a large population of students and teachers are known as the most important breeding ground of society intellectual and knowledge capital.

Relationship between Knowledge Management and Creativity among Teachers of Public and Private Sector Universities at Lahore

Knowledge Management (KM) as highlighted by Barclay and Murray [3] encompasses a technique of identifying and making huge amount of information accessible in an organisation through sharing.

Knowledge Management as a Strategic Asset in Digital Forensic Investigations

Knowledge Week's agenda includes lectures, panel discussions, partnership agreements and debates on topics such as: Knowledge under the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Robotics, Digital Surgery, and Digital Revolution and the Media.

Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum Knowledge Foundation Kick-Starts Inaugural Knowledge Week