Hawaii
Hawaii State Information
www.hawaii.gov
Area (sq mi):: 10930.98 (land 6422.62; water 4508.36) Population per square mile: 198.50
Population 2005: 1,275,194 State rank: 0 Population change: 2000-20005 5.30%; 1990-2000 9.30% Population 2000: 1,211,537 (White 22.90%; Black or African American 1.80%; Hispanic or Latino 7.20%; Asian 41.60%; Other 32.40%). Foreign born: 17.50%. Median age: 36.20
Income 2000: per capita $21,525; median household $49,820; Population below poverty level: 10.70% Personal per capita income (2000-2003): $28,422-$30,441
Unemployment (2004): 3.30% Unemployment change (from 2000): -0.70% Median travel time to work: 26.10 minutes Working outside county of residence: 1.30%
List of Hawaii counties:
Hawaii Parks
- US National Parks
- Urban Parks
- State Parks
- National Wildlife Refuges
- National Trails
- Marine Sanctuaries
Hawaii
(dreams)Dreams played a significant role in the traditional culture of the Hawaiian islands. As in many other traditional societies, dreams were regarded as communications from deities and from departed ancestors to ordinary mortals. Dreams were known as moe ‘uhane (“soul sleep”). While the body slept, the soul exited the body through the tear duct in the corner of the eye (the lau ‘uhane, or “soul pit”). After exiting, the soul traveled through this earthly realm or through spirit realms. Dreams were remembrances of these journeys. Rather than beginning dream accounts with “I had the weirdest dream …,” traditional Hawaiians would say, “My spirit saw….”
It was believed that nightmares could be created by spirits who entered the sleeper’s body during the night. Traditional Hawaiians also believed that spirits could have sexual relations with sleepers, and were referred to as the dreamer’s “husband of the night” or “wife of the night.” When spirits delivered negative predictions about the future, they could be prayed to and supplicated for mercy. If the unpleasant future could not be entirely avoided, it was hoped that the relevant divinity would at least lessen the severity of the impending disaster.
A variety of information could be received in dreams. Kahunas, traditional Hawaiian shamans, sometimes sought a cure for illnesses in dreams. New information acquired in this way became part of the shaman’s medicinal system. Similarly, when a family had problems or questions they wished answered, the head of the household would pray that the relevant information be provided during a dream. This information could be anything from guidance about the best place to fish to the appropriate name for a new baby.
As with other groups, many dreams in traditional Hawaiian culture required little or no interpretation. For dreams requiring interpretation, certain individuals recognized as especially gifted dream interpreters were called upon. These individuals were often not part of the regular priesthood. All important dreams, especially those bearing on the larger family, were discussed by the whole household every morning.
Hawaii
Fiftieth state; admitted on August 21, 1959
Hawaii’s admission day anniversary is observed as a state holiday on the third Friday in August every year.
State capital: Honolulu
Nicknames: Aloha State; Paradise of the Pacific; Pineapple State
State motto: Ua mau ke ea o ka aina i ka pono (Hawaiian “The Life of the Land Is Perpetuated in Righteousness”)
State bird: Nene (pronounced nay-nay) or Hawaiian goose (Nesochen sandvicensis)
State fish: Humuhumunukunukuapua’a (not official; rectangular trigger fish, Rhinecantus aculeatus)
State flower: Pua aloalo (Yellow hibiscus, Hibiscus brackenridgei)
State gem: Black coral
State language: English and Hawaiian
State mammal: Hawaiian monk seal (ilio-holo-i-ka-uaua; Monachus schauinslandi)
State marine mammal: Humpback whale
State song: “Hawaii Ponoi”
State tree: Kukui (Candlenut, Aleurites moluccana)
More about state symbols at:
hawaii.gov/dbedt/info/economic/library/facts/photos
More about the state at:
hawaii.gov/dbedt/info/economic/library/facts/state
SOURCES:
AmerBkDays-2000, p. 600 AnnivHol-2000, p. 146
STATE OFFICES:
State web site: www.hawaii.gov
Office of the Governor 415 S Beretania St State Capitol Honolulu, HI 96813 808-586-0034 fax: 808-586-0006 gov.state.hi.us
Hawaii State Public Library 478 S King St Honolulu, HI 96813 808-586-3505 www.hcc.hawaii.edu/hspls
Legal Holidays:
| Good Friday | Apr 22, 2011; Apr 6, 2012; Mar 29, 2013; Apr 18, 2014; Apr 3, 2015; Mar 25, 2016; Apr 14, 2017; Mar 30, 2018; Apr 19, 2019; Apr 10, 2020; Apr 2, 2021; Apr 15, 2022; Apr 7, 2023 |
| King Kamehameha I Day | Jun 11 |
| Prince Jonah Kuhio Kalanianaole Day | Mar 26 |
| Statehood Day | Aug 19, 2011; Aug 17, 2012; Aug 16, 2013; Aug 15, 2014; Aug 21, 2015; Aug 19, 2016; Aug 18, 2017; Aug 17, 2018; Aug 16, 2019; Aug 21, 2020; Aug 20, 2021; Aug 19, 2022; Aug 18, 2023 |
Hawaii
a state in the USA, encompassing the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean. Area, 16,700 sq km. Population, 799,000 (civilians, 1969), including Hawaiians (10,000), métis (105,000), Americans and groups of European origin (285,000), Japanese (208,000), Filipinos (73,000), and Chinese (42,000). About 70 percent of the population is urban. The official language is English; various native languages have been partially preserved in everyday life. The administrative center and principal port is Honolulu.
Hawaii is the most important transportation junction in the northern part of the Pacific Ocean; through it pass the routes which connect the USA and Canada with East Asia, the Philippines, Australia and New Zealand. The principal sector of the economy is agriculture, with 1 million hectares under cultivation. About 97 percent of these lands belong to American companies and to large landowners, about 2 percent to small farmers. The best lands are occupied by plantations of export crops: pineapples, sugarcane (94,000 hectares, 1 million tons in 1969), coffee, sisal, and bananas. Flower horticulture has also been developed. The chief consumer crop is rice. Animal husbandry is of secondary importance and includes 246,000 cattle and 57,000 pigs (1970). The principal branches of industry are sugar processing and fruit canning. Tourism has been developed (1 million persons in 1967). In domestic transportation the principal role is played by maritime and motor-vehicle transport. Of total exports, 87 percent go to the USA.
The Hawaiian Islands were discovered by the Englishman J. Cook in 1778, but as early as the 16th century they had been visited by Spanish seafarers. Europeans left several forms of governmental organization in Hawaii, which at the beginning of the 19th century merged into a single kingdom. By the end of the 19th century almost all the abundant resources of the Hawaiian Islands had been seized by foreigners, mostly Americans; of the Polynesian population of 300,000, only about 30,000 remained. In 1893 the queen of Hawaii was overthrown with the intervention of the USA; in 1894 the so-called Hawaiian Republic was established, which was directly dependent on the USA. The USA annexed Hawaii in 1898, at the height of the Spanish-American War, and in 1900 accorded it the status of a territory. Since 1908 Hawaii has been a military base of the USA in the Pacific Ocean. In 1959 the USA proclaimed the transformation of Hawaii into the 50th state.
REFERENCE
Kuropiatnik, G. P. Zakhvat Gavaiskikh ostrovov SShA. Moscow, 1958.Hawaii
the largest island in the Hawaiian Archipelago in the Pacific Ocean. Area, 10,399 sq km. Population, 61,300 (1960).
Hawaii is made up of five peaks of basalt shield volcanoes that have merged: Mauna Kea (4,205 m), Mauna Loa (4,170 m), Hualalai (2,521 m), Kohala (1,678 m), and Kilauea (1,247 m). Mauna Loa and Kilauea are active volcanoes. The climate is maritime tropical: it is very humid on the windward northeastern slopes (with maximum annual precipitation of 3,600 mm). On the mountain slopes, which were previously completely covered with tropical forests, there are plantations of pineapple, sugarcane, and other tropical crops. The principal city is Hilo. Hawaii has a national park and a volcano observatory.